[IMP] accounting: add rewritten doc about Fiscal Positions

- redirection
  accounting/fiscality/taxes/application.rst accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions.rst

accounting/fiscality/taxes.rst

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Taxes
 
    taxes/create
    taxes/default_taxes
-   taxes/application
+   taxes/fiscal_positions
    taxes/taxcloud
    taxes/tax_included
    taxes/retention

accounting/fiscality/taxes/application.rst

@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-=================================================
-Adapt taxes to my customer status or localization
-=================================================
-
-Most often sales tax rates depend on your customer status or localization.
-To map taxes, Odoo brings the so-called *Fiscal Positions*. 
-
-Create tax mapping
-==================
-
-A fiscal position is just a set of rules that maps default taxes (as defined
-on product form) into other taxes. In the screenshot below, foreign customers
-get a 0% tax instead of the default 15%, for both sales and purchases.
-
-.. image:: media/application02.png
-   :align: center
-
-The main fiscal positions are automatically created according to your
-localization. But you may have to create fiscal positions for specific use cases.
-To define fiscal positions, go to
-:menuselection:`Invoicing/Accounting --> Configuration --> Fiscal Positions`.
-
-.. note::
-    If you use Odoo Accounting, you can also map the Income/Expense accounts according to the fiscal
-    position. For example, in some countries, revenues from sales are not posted in
-    the same account than revenues from sales in foreign countries.
-
-Adapt taxes to your customer status
-===================================
-
-If a customer falls into a specific taxation rule, you need to apply a tax-mapping.
-To do so, create a fiscal position and assign it to your customers.
-
-.. image:: media/application01.png
-   :align: center
-
-Odoo will use this specific fiscal position for any order/invoice recorded for the customer.
-
-.. note:: 
-    If you set the fiscal position in the sales order or invoice manually, it will only
-    apply to this document and not to future orders/invoices of the same customer.
-
-Adapt taxes to your customer address (destination-based)
-========================================================
-
-Depending on your localization, sales taxes may be origin-based or destination-based.
-Most states or countries require you to collect taxes at the rate of the destination
-(i.e. your buyer’s address) while some others require to collect them at the rate effective
-at the point of origin (i.e. your office or warehouse).
-
-If you are under the destination-based rule, create one fiscal position per tax-mapping to apply.
-
-* Check the box *Detect Automatically*.
-* Select a country group, country, state or city to trigger the tax-mapping.
-
-.. image:: media/application04.png
-   :align: center
-
-This way if no fiscal position is set on the customer, Odoo will choose the fiscal position matching the
-shipping address on creating an order.
-
-.. note::
-    For eCommerce orders, the tax of the visitor's cart will automatically
-    update and apply the new tax after the visitor has logged in or filled
-    in his shipping address.
-
-Specific use cases
-==================
-
-If, for some fiscal positions, you want to remove a tax, instead of
-replacing by another, just keep the *Tax to Apply* field empty.
-
-.. image:: media/application03.png
-   :align: center
-
-If, for some fiscal positions, you want to replace a tax by two other
-taxes, just create two lines having the same *Tax on Product*.
-
-.. note::
-  The fiscal positions are not applied on assets and deferred revenues.
-
-.. seealso::
-
-  * :doc:`create`
-  * :doc:`taxcloud`
-  * :doc:`tax_included`
-  * :doc:`B2B_B2C`

accounting/fiscality/taxes/create.rst

@@ -66,5 +66,5 @@ Advanced configuration
 
 .. seealso::
 
-  * :doc:`application`
+  * :doc:`fiscal_positions`
   * :doc:`tax_included`

accounting/fiscality/taxes/default_taxes.rst

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ To change the default taxes set for any new product created go to
 .. seealso::
 
   * :doc:`create`
-  * :doc:`application`
+  * :doc:`fiscal_positions`
   * :doc:`taxcloud`
   * :doc:`B2B_B2C`
   * :doc:`tax_included`

accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+==========================================
+Fiscal Positions (tax and account mapping)
+==========================================
+
+Default taxes and accounts are set on products and customers to create new transactions on the fly.
+However, you might have to use different taxes and record the transactions on different accounts,
+according to your customers' and providers' localizations and business types.
+
+**Fiscal Positions** allow you to create *sets of rules* to automatically adapt the taxes and the
+accounts used for a transaction.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-intra-community.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Example: Belgian to Intra-Community tax mapping with Fiscal Positions in Odoo Accounting
+
+They can be applied in various ways:
+
+- :ref:`automatically applied, based on some rules <fiscal_positions/automatic>`
+- :ref:`manually applied on a transaction <fiscal_positions/partner>`
+- :ref:`assigned to a partner, on its contact form <fiscal_positions/transaction>`
+
+.. note::
+   A few Fiscal Positions are already preconfigured on your database, as part of your :doc:`Fiscal
+   Localization Package <../../fiscal_localizations/overview/fiscal_localization_packages>`.
+
+Configuration
+=============
+
+Tax and Account Mapping
+-----------------------
+
+To edit or create a Fiscal Position, go to :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Fiscal
+Positions`, and open the entry you want to modify or click on *Create*.
+
+The mapping of taxes and accounts is based on the default taxes and accounts defined in the
+products' forms.
+
+- To map to another tax or account, fill out the right column (**Tax to Apply**/**Account to Use
+  Instead**).
+- To remove a tax, rather than replacing it with another, leave the field **Tax to Apply** empty.
+- To replace a tax with multiple other taxes, add multiple lines with the same **Tax on Product**.
+
+.. note::
+   The mapping only works with *active* taxes. Therefore, make sure they are active by going to
+   :menuselection:`Accounting --> Configuration --> Taxes`.
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/automatic:
+
+Automatic application
+---------------------
+
+You can configure your Fiscal Positions to be applied automatically, following a set of conditions.
+
+To do so, open the Fiscal Position you want to modify and click on **Detect Automatically**. You can
+configure a few conditions:
+
+- **VAT Required**: The VAT number *must* be indicated in the customer's contact form.
+- **Country Group** / **Country**: The Fiscal Position is applied to these countries.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-automatic.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Example of settings to apply a Fiscal Position automatically
+
+.. note::
+   Taxes on **eCommerce orders** are automatically updated once the visitor has logged in or filled
+   out their billing details.
+
+.. important::
+   The Fiscal Positions' **sequence** - the order in which they are arranged - defines which
+   Fiscal Position to apply if the conditions are met in multiple Fiscal Positions.
+
+   For example, if the first Fiscal Position targets *country A*, and the second Fiscal Position
+   targets a *Country Group* that also comprises *country A*, only the first Fiscal Position will be
+   applied to customers from *country A*.
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/application:
+
+Application
+===========
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/partner:
+
+Assign a Fiscal Position to a partner
+--------------------------------------
+
+You can manually define which Fiscal Position must be used by default for a specific partner.
+
+To do so, open the partner's contact form, go to the **Sales & Purchase** tab, edit the **Fiscal
+Position** field, and click on *Save*.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-partner.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Selection of a Fiscal Position on a Sales Order / Invoice / Bill in Odoo Accounting
+
+.. _fiscal_positions/transaction:
+
+Choose Fiscal Positions manually on Sales Orders, Invoices, and Bills
+---------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+To manually select which Fiscal Position to use for a new Sales Order, Invoice, or Bill, go to the
+**Other Info** tab and select the right **Fiscal Position** *before* adding product lines.
+
+.. image:: media/fiscal-positions-transaction.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Selection of a Fiscal Position on a Sales Order / Invoice / Bill in Odoo Accounting
+
+.. seealso::
+
+  * :doc:`create`
+  * :doc:`taxcloud`
+  * :doc:`B2B_B2C`

accounting/fiscality/taxes/taxcloud.rst

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ How it works
 ============
 
 Salestax is calculated in Odoo based on fiscal positions
-(see :doc:`application`).
+(see :doc:`fiscal_positions`).
 A Fiscal Position for the United States is created when installing *TaxCloud*.
 Everything works out-of-the-box.
 
@@ -90,4 +90,4 @@ price is the equivalent of a 7% tax on half the price), but this might be surpri
 point of view.
 
 .. seealso::
-   - :doc:`application`
+   - :doc:`fiscal_positions`

accounting/fiscality/taxes/vat_validation.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+===========================
+VIES VAT numbers validation
+===========================
+

ecommerce/taxes.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Collect taxes
    :titlesonly:
 
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/default_taxes
-   ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/application
+   ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/tax_included
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/taxcloud
 

redirects.txt

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ accounting/localizations/switzerland.rst accounting/fiscal_localizations/localiz
 accounting/payables/supplier_bills/bills_or_receipts.rst accounting/payables/supplier_bills/purchase_receipts.rst # bills_or_receipts.rst -> purchase_receipts.rst
 accounting/bank/reconciliation/configure.rst accounting/bank/reconciliation/reconciliation_models.rst             # configure -> reconciliation_models (#613)
 accounting/receivables/customer_payments/credit_cards.rst accounting/receivables/customer_payments/online_payment.rst # credit_cards -> online_payment
+accounting/fiscality/taxes/application.rst accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions.rst                        # application -> fiscal_positions
 
 social_marketing/social_marketing.rst social_marketing/overview.rst    # social_marketing/* -> overview/* (#578)
 

sales/products_prices/taxes.rst

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Set taxes
    :titlesonly:
 
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/default_taxes
-   ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/application
+   ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/fiscal_positions
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/tax_included
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/taxcloud
    ../../accounting/fiscality/taxes/B2B_B2C