[IMP] inventory: update integrating_landed_costs
closes odoo/documentation#3686 Signed-off-by: Brandon Seltenrich (brse) <brse@odoo.com>
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=======================================================
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Integrating additional costs to products (landed costs)
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=======================================================
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==============================================
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Landed costs: add additional costs to products
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==============================================
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The landed cost feature in Odoo allows to include additional costs
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(shipment, insurance, customs duties, etc.) into the cost of the
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product.
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When companies perform profit analyses, the data being examined must be as accurate as possible. To
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ensure that, **all** costs and expenses need to be accounted for, including the sum of expenses
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associated with shipping a product, which is also known as *landed costs*.
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In Odoo, the landed costs feature allows the user to add and include additional costs on goods
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purchased. This includes the cost of freight, shipping, insurance, taxes, and more.
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Enable landed costs
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===================
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To use landed costs, go to the :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Configuration --> Settings`, scroll
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down to the :guilabel:`Valuation` header, and click the checkbox beside :guilabel:`Landed Costs` to
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enable the feature.
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In this same section, a default accounting journal can also be set, in which entries involving
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landed costs will be recorded.
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To configure a default accounting journal, click the blank field next to :guilabel:`Default Journal`
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to reveal a drop-down menu, in which an existing journal can be selected. A new journal can be
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created from this drop-down, as well, by typing the desired name of a new journal in the blank
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field, and selecting either the :guilabel:`Create` or :guilabel:`Create and edit...` option.
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Clicking :guilabel:`Create` instantly creates the journal, which can be customized later. Clicking
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:guilabel:`Create and edit...` reveals a pop-up window on the :guilabel:`Settings` page, wherein the
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newly-created journal's details can be configured right away. When the configurations are complete,
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click :guilabel:`Save` on the pop-up window to complete the journal creation process, and return to
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the :guilabel:`Settings` page.
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After the setting has been enabled, and if a journal has been created or applied, click the
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:guilabel:`Save` button to save all changes.
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating-landed-costs-settings.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Enabled Landed Costs feature in Inventory settings.
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.. important::
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Landed costs can **only** be applied to products using a :abbr:`FIFO (First In First Out)` or
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:abbr:`AVCO (Average Cost)` costing method, **and** automated inventory valuation.
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Create a landed cost product
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============================
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Landed costs can be manually entered each time a vendor bill is created. However, some products may
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always have the same types of charges applied to them, and thus, the vendor bills may always list
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the same landed costs. In this case, it's beneficial to create a specific landed cost product.
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To create a landed cost product, first navigate to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products -->
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Products`, and click the :guilabel:`Create` button, which reveals a blank product template page.
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On the blank product template form, fill out the necessary product information, and change the
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:guilabel:`Product Type` to :guilabel:`Service`.
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Then, click the :guilabel:`Purchase` tab, and under the :guilabel:`Landed Costs` section, select the
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checkbox beside :guilabel:`Is a Landed Cost`. Once selected, a new field appears, in which a
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:guilabel:`Default Split Method` can be selected.
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Clicking the blank field beside :guilabel:`Default Split Method` reveals a drop-down menu. From this
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drop-down menu, select :guilabel:`Equal`, then click :guilabel:`Save`.
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.. note::
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Landed costs can only be applied to products with a FIFO or AVCO costing
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method and an automated inventory valuation (which requires the
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accounting application to be installed).
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When the :guilabel:`Default Split Method` is set to :guilabel:`Equal`, the landed cost will be
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split equally between all items included on the purchase order. If a :abbr:`PO (purchase order)`
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has just one item, the full amount will be applied to this item.
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Configuration
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=============
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating-landed-costs-split-method.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Landed costs and split method enabled on product form.
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First, you need to go in :menuselection:`Inventory --> Configuration --> Settings` and
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activate the landed costs feature. You can also determine the default
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journal in which the landed cost accounting entries will be recorded.
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.. tip::
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Depending on the landed cost of each shipment, the price of a landed cost product can change with
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each order. Therefore, a price (or cost) should **not** be set on landed cost products.
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating_landed_costs_01.png
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:align: center
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Create a request for quotation
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==============================
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Add costs to products
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=====================
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Before adding a specific landed cost on a product, a new :abbr:`RFQ (request for quotation)` for
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that product must be created. To do that, navigate to the :menuselection:`Purchase` app, and click
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:guilabel:`Create`. Doing so reveals a blank :abbr:`RFQ (request for quotation)` template form.
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Receive the vendor bill
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-----------------------
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On the blank :abbr:`RFQ (request for quotation)` template form, add a :guilabel:`Vendor`, then add
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the desired product to the product lines (under the :guilabel:`Product` tab), by clicking
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:guilabel:`Add a line`, and selecting the desired product.
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Let’s imagine I receive a bill from custom duties for a shipment. I’ll
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tick the box *Landed Costs* on the vendor bill line.
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Then, fill out the remaining information on the new :abbr:`RFQ (request for quotation)`. Lastly,
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click :guilabel:`Confirm Order` to confirm the order. Once the quotation has been confirmed, it
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turns into a :abbr:`PO (purchase order)`.
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating_landed_costs_02.png
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:align: center
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Next, click :guilabel:`Receive Products` to receive the ordered products, then click
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:guilabel:`Validate`, which reveals a pop-up. In the pop-up, select :guilabel:`Apply` to set the
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:guilabel:`Done` quantities. Then, navigate back to the initial :abbr:`PO (purchase order)` (via the
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breadcrumbs).
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.. note::
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The landed cost product must be of type service.
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Create a vendor bill
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====================
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If this product is always a landed cost, you can also define it on the
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product and avoid having to tick the box on each vendor bill.
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Once goods have been received from the purchase order, a vendor bill can be created directly from
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the :abbr:`PO (purchase order)`. To do so, click :guilabel:`Create Bill`. Doing so reveals a vendor
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bill draft page.
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating_landed_costs_03.png
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:align: center
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On this vendor bill draft page, the information from the :abbr:`PO (purchase order)` is
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automatically populated. To add a landed cost to the bill, first click :guilabel:`Edit`.
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At the top of my vendor bill, I’ll see a button *create landed costs*.
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I click on this button and a landed cost is automatically created. I can
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now decide on which picking those additional costs should apply.
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Next, click :guilabel:`Add a line` in the :guilabel:`Invoice Lines` tab to add the newly-created
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landed cost product to the vendor bill. And, since this product was specifically created as a landed
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cost, the checkbox under the :guilabel:`Landed Costs` column is selected by default.
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating_landed_costs_04.png
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:align: center
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating-landed-costs-vendor-bill.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Landed cost added on product lines on vendor bill.
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I can now click on *Compute* and go in the tab *Valuation
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Adjustments* to see the impact on my products costs. The last step is
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to validate the landed cost.
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.. important::
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Since no :guilabel:`Price` was set on the product template form for the landed cost product, it
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**must** be set manually on the vendor bill, in the :guilabel:`Price` column.
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I can access the journal entry that has been created by the landed cost
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by clicking on the journal entry.
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Create landed costs
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===================
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating_landed_costs_05.png
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:align: center
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Once all the necessary information on the bill has been filled out, click :guilabel:`Create Landed
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Costs` at the top of the bill.
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.. note::
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You are not forced to start from the vendor bill, you can also go in :menuselection:`Inventory
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--> Operations --> Landed Costs` and directly create the landed cost from there.
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Doing so reveals a separate page, wherein the necessary landed cost information is entered. From
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this page, next to the greyed-out :guilabel:`Transfers` field, the warehouse receipt that this
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landed cost is associated with must be specified. To adjust the :guilabel:`Transfers` field, click
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:guilabel:`Edit` to make that field accessible.
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Additionally, an expenses :guilabel:`Account` (located in the :guilabel:`Additional Costs` tab) must
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be selected, as well.
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To see how the landed costs affect the items on the :abbr:`PO (purchase order)`, click the
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:guilabel:`Valuation Adjustments` tab. From this tab, the :guilabel:`Original Value` of the purchase
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order and the :guilabel:`New Value` of the order can be seen and compared, as well as the
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:guilabel:`Additional Landed Cost` that was added to change the original :abbr:`PO (purchase order
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)`.
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.. image:: integrating_landed_costs/integrating-landed-costs-valuation-adjustments.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Valuation adjustments tab for landed costs on vendor bill.
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Once ready, click :guilabel:`Validate` at the top of the page, then click :guilabel:`Save` to save
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all changes. Finally, click back to the vendor bill form (via the breadcrumbs).
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To complete the vendor bill, click :guilabel:`Confirm` to confirm the bill. Then, click the
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:guilabel:`Register Payment` button at the top of the vendor bill form. Doing so reveals a pop-up.
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From this pop-up, click :guilabel:`Create Payment`. Once clicked, this reveals a green *In Payment*
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banner at the top of the vendor bill form.
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.. tip::
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Landed costs don't always need to be created from the vendor bill. They can also be created by
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going to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Operations --> Landed Costs`, and clicking
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:guilabel:`Create`.
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