[IMP] MRP: updated bills of materials rst content

Reviewed the 15.0 doc for Bills of Materials and made some edits to
clean up inconsistencies and made minor wording changes.

closes odoo/documentation#2964

X-original-commit: 1645e8c3da
Signed-off-by: Zachary Straub <zst@odoo.com>
This commit is contained in:
Wesley Kao (weka) 2022-08-18 16:13:17 +00:00 committed by Zachary Straub (ZST)
parent 31f9b8a56d
commit 2785e845df
14 changed files with 110 additions and 116 deletions

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================================
========================
Alternative Work Centers
================================
========================
Manufacturing several different products simultaneously at the same work center
is a common issue for manufacturing companies. Although in practice, employees can
manufacture the goods at another work center instead of waiting for one to be available,
it's not always simple to have visibility on which work center is busy and plan resources
accordingly in real-time.
Manufacturing several different products simultaneously at the same work center is a common issue
for manufacturing companies. Although in practice, employees can manufacture the goods at another
work center instead of waiting for one to be available, it's not always simple to have visibility
on which work center is busy and plan resources accordingly in real-time.
With Odoo, you can configure alternative work centers to solve this issue. This automatically
checks which work center is busy and which equivalent ones are free, and schedules orders and
maintenance accordingly.
This way, your process becomes more efficient, as work center utilisation is optimised.
This way, your process becomes more efficient, as work center utilisation is optimised.
Configure your Work Centers
===========================
First, go to the :menuselection:`Manufacturing app --> Configuration --> Settings`. Then, enable
the Work Orders feature and hit save.
the :guilabel:`Work Orders` feature and hit :guilabel:`Save`.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_3.png
:align: center
:alt: work order settings ticked
.. image:: alternative_wc/work-orders-setting.png
:align: center
:alt: Work order settings ticked in Odoo Manufacturing.
Now, go to :menuselection:`Configuration --> Work Centers` and create two new work centers. Add the
second work center as an alternative to the first one and vice versa.
Now, go to :menuselection:`Configuration --> Work Centers` and create
two new work centers. Add the second work center as an alternative to
the first one and vice versa.
.. image:: alternative_wc/wc_alternate1.png
:align: center
Next, go to :menuselection:`Products --> Bills of Materials`, choose your product,
and add these work centers to the operations of your BOM.
.. image:: alternative_wc/wc_alternate2.png
:align: center
.. image:: alternative_wc/alternative-wc-config.png
:align: center
:alt: Create a secondary work center as an alternate to the first.
Next, go to :menuselection:`Products --> Bills of Materials`, choose your product, and add these
work centers to the operations of your :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`.
.. image:: alternative_wc/wc-bom-operations.png
:align: center
:alt: Add work centers to Bill of Materials operations.
Create your Work Orders
=======================
Now that everything is configured, you can create your *Work Orders*.
Go to :menuselection:`Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`, and hit **Create**. There, add
your product to your manufacturing order and plan it. You can then retrieve them
from the Work Orders list view, under Operations > Work Orders.
Each new *Work Order*, which will be created before the end of the
first one, will be scheduled at the alternative work center you
configured, as shown below.
Go to :menuselection:`Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`, and hit :guilabel:`Create`. There, add
your product to your manufacturing order and plan it. You can then retrieve them from the
:guilabel:`Work Orders` list view, under :menuselection:`Operations > Work Orders`.
.. image:: alternative_wc/wc_alternate3.png
:align: center
Each new *Work Order*, which will be created before the end of the first one, will be scheduled at
the alternative work center you configured, as shown below.
.. image:: alternative_wc/work-orders-by-wc.png
:align: center
:alt: Work order creation and scheduling.
.. note::
Keep in mind that, if you add time after production to your work center,
you may have work orders scheduled for your alternative work center even
if the usual one is free.
Keep in mind that, if you add time after production to your work center, you may have work
orders scheduled for your alternative work center even if the usual one is free.

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=========================
Create Bills of Materials
=========================
==========================
Create a bill of materials
==========================
A *Bill of Materials* is a document defining the quantity of each
component required to make or deliver a finished product. Additionally, it
can also include various operations and individual step guidelines
needed to complete a production process.
A *Bill of Materials* (or *BoM* for short) is a document that defines the quantity of each
component required to make or deliver a finished product. It can also include various operations
and the individual step guidelines needed to complete a production process.
With Odoo's MRP solution, multiple BOMs can also be linked to each product,
so that even product variants can have their *own* tailored BOM.
In Odoo Manufacturing, multiple :abbr:`BoMs (Bills of Materials)` can be linked to each product, so
that even product variants can have their own tailored :abbr:`BoMs (Bills of Materials)`.
This will help you to optimize your manufacturing process and save time
as a result.
Correctly setting up a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` helps optimize the manufacturing process and
save time.
Setting up a BoM
================
The simplest BoM set up is one without operations or instructions.
In this case, you will manage your production using Manufacturing Orders
only.
Set up a bill of baterials (BoM)
================================
To create a BoM from the Manufacturing module, go to :menuselection:`Products --> Bills of Materials`.
If you click **Create**, the first thing you'll have to do is to specify the final product.
For an existing product, simply select it from the list, or create a new one on the spot. Note
that if you go through the product form to create your BOM, the product will already be set for you.
The simplest :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` setup is one without operations or instructions, only
components. In this case, the production is solely managed using *Manufacturing Orders*.
For a standard Bill of Material, keep the default *BoM* type, which is *Manufacture this Product*.
Now specify the various components that make up the production of your final product and their
respective quantities. You can create components as you go, on the BOM, or create products beforehand,
by going to the :menuselection:`Top Menu --> Products --> Create`, and add them later on.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_1.png
:align: center
.. warning::
The destination location should **not** be a scrap location. A scrap location is where you put
products that you don't need.
Using the same BoM to describe Variants
---------------------------------------
As suggested above, you can use *BOMs* for specific *Product Variants*.
Once the various attributes have been configured on the product form, there
are two ways to configure the appropriate BoM for the respective product combination.
Either create one BoM per variant, by specifying the Product Variant
in the dedicated field below the product name. Or use one BOM, that contains
all of the components and for each component, indicate which variant it applies to,
using the *Apply on Variants* column, as shown below.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_2.png
:align: center
Adding Operations
=================
You can also add operations to your *BoM*, if you want workers to follow instructions
or register time spent. To use this feature, enable the *Work Orders* feature in the
*Manufacturing* app settings, as shown below.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_3.png
:align: center
To create a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` from the :guilabel:`Manufacturing` module, go to
:menuselection:`Products --> Bills of Materials`. Then, click :guilabel:`Create`. Next, specify the
:guilabel:`Product`.
.. note::
Each operation is unique as it is always linked to only one BOM. This being said,
Operations Operations can be re-used when configuring a new BOM, with the *Copy Existing
Operations* feature.
A :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` can also be created directly from the product form, in which
case the :guilabel:`Product` field is pre-filled.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_4.png
:align: center
For a standard :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`, set the :guilabel:`BoM Type` to
:guilabel:`Manufacture this Product`. Then, click :guilabel:`Add a Line` to specify the various
components that make up the production of the final product and their respective quantities. New
components can be created quickly through the :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`, or can be created
beforehand in :menuselection:`Manufacturing --> Products --> Products --> Create`. Finally, click
:guilabel:`Save` to finish creating the :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`.
Finally, just like for components, operations can also be variant specific only, as shown below.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom-form.png
:align: center
:alt: Set up a Bill of Materials.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_5.png
:align: center
Specify a bill of materials (BoM) for a product variant
-------------------------------------------------------
:abbr:`BoMs (Bills of Materials)` can also be assigned to specific *Product Variants*, with two
setup options available to choose from.
.. note::
In order to assign :abbr:`BoMs (Bills of Materials)` to product variants, the product's variant
attributes must already be configured on the product form.
Adding By-Products
==================
The first method is to create one :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` per variant by creating a new
:abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` and specifying the :guilabel:`Product Variant`. The second method
is to create one master :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` that contains all of the components, and
specify which variant each component applies to using the :guilabel:`Apply on Variants` column.
A *by-product* is a product that is produced on top of the main product
of a *BoM*. As opposed to the primary product, there can be more than one on a BOM.
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom-variants.png
:align: center
:alt: Product Variants in the Bill of Materials.
To add *by-products* to a *BoM*, you will first need to enable the by-product
feature from the *Manufacturing* app settings.
Set up operations
=================
.. image:: bill_configuration/bom_6.png
:align: center
Add an :guilabel:`Operation` to a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` to specify instructions for
production and register time spent on an operation. To use this feature, first enable the
:guilabel:`Work Orders` feature in :menuselection:`Manufacturing --> Configuration --> Settings -->
Operations`.
Once the feature is enabled, you can add *by-products* to your
*BoMs*. Note that if you have Operations, you'll need to specify
in which operation the by-product is produced.
Then, when creating a new :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`, click on the :guilabel:`Operations` tab
and click :guilabel:`Add a line` to add a new operation. In the :guilabel:`Create Operations` box,
give the operation a name, specify the :guilabel:`Work Center` and duration settings. Like
components, Odoo gives the option to specify a product variant in the :guilabel:`Apply on Variants`
field so the operation only applies to that variant. Finally, click :guilabel:`Save & Close`.
.. note::
Each operation is unique, as it is always exclusively linked to one :abbr:`BoM (Bill of
Materials)`. Operations can be reused when configuring a new :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`,
with the :guilabel:`Copy Existing Operations` feature.
.. image:: bill_configuration/copy-existing-operations.png
:align: center
:alt: Copy Existing Operations feature.
Add by-products to a bill of materials (BoM)
============================================
A *By-Product* is a residual product that is created during production in addition to the main
product of a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`. Unlike the primary product, there can be more than
one by-product on a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`.
To add by-products to a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`, first enable the :guilabel:`By-Products`
feature in :menuselection:`Manufacturing --> Configuration --> Settings --> Operations`.
Once the feature is enabled, you can add by-products to a :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` by
clicking on the :guilabel:`Operations` tab and clicking :guilabel:`Add a line`. Then, name the
by-product and indicate the :guilabel:`Quantity` and the :guilabel:`Unit of Measure`. If the
:abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)` has configured operations, specify exactly which operation the
by-product is produced from in the :guilabel:`Produced in Operation` field. Finally, click
:guilabel:`Save`.

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