[ADD] Manufacturing: Basic subcontracting

closes odoo/documentation#8787

X-original-commit: ba8289b0da
Signed-off-by: John Holton (hojo) <hojo@odoo.com>

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/workflows.rst

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Workflows
    :titlesonly:
 
    workflows/subcontracting
+   workflows/subcontracting_basic
    workflows/subcontracting_dropship
    workflows/subcontracting_resupply
    workflows/use_mps

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/workflows/subcontracting_basic.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+====================
+Basic subcontracting
+====================
+
+.. |SO| replace:: :abbr:`SO (Sales Order)`
+.. |PO| replace:: :abbr:`PO (Purchase Order)`
+.. |POs| replace:: :abbr:`POs (Purchase Orders)`
+.. |BoM| replace:: :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`
+
+In manufacturing, subcontracting is the process of a company engaging a third-party manufacturer, or
+subcontractor, to manufacture products that are then sold by the contracting company.
+
+In basic subcontracting, the subcontractor is responsible for acquiring the necessary components.
+This means that the contracting company only has to worry about what happens to subcontracted
+products once they are produced.
+
+The workflow for purchasing a product manufactured using basic subcontracting is similar to the one
+used when purchasing a non-subcontracted product from a vendor. The main differences are the way
+that subcontracted products are configured, and the fact that subcontracted products take longer to
+be sent from the vendor, since they must first be manufactured by them.
+
+Configuration
+=============
+
+To use subcontracting in Odoo, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app --> Configuration -->
+Settings`, and tick the checkbox next to the :guilabel:`Subcontracting` setting, under the
+:guilabel:`Operations` heading. Then, click :guilabel:`Save`.
+
+Once the :guilabel:`Subcontracting` setting is enabled, it is also necessary to properly configure
+the subcontracted product, and the product's |BoM|.
+
+.. _manufacturing/workflows/subcontracting_basic/product-config:
+
+Configure product
+-----------------
+
+To configure a product for basic subcontracting, navigate to :menuselection:`Inventory app -->
+Products --> Products`, and select a product, or create a new one by clicking :guilabel:`New`.
+
+On the product form, select the :guilabel:`Purchase` tab, and add the product's subcontractor as a
+vendor by clicking :guilabel:`Add a line`, selecting the subcontractor in the :guilabel:`Vendor`
+drop-down menu, and entering a price in the :guilabel:`Price` field.
+
+Then, click on the :guilabel:`Inventory` tab, and use the :guilabel:`Routes` field to configure a
+route that determines what happens to the finished product once it has been manufactured by the
+subcontractor.
+
+If the finished product is shipped back to the contracting company, make sure the :guilabel:`Buy`
+route is selected. In addition, select the :guilabel:`Replenish on Order (MTO)` route to
+automatically create a |PO| for the product upon confirmation of a sales order (SO), unless there is
+enough stock on-hand to fulfill the |SO|.
+
+If the finished product is shipped directly to the customer by the subcontractor, make sure that
+**only** the :guilabel:`Dropship` route is selected.
+
+Configure BoM
+-------------
+
+To configure a |BoM| for basic subcontracting, click the :guilabel:`Bill of Materials` smart button
+on the product form, and select the desired |BoM|.
+
+Alternatively, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app --> Products --> Bills of Materials`,
+and select the |BoM| for the subcontracted product.
+
+.. seealso::
+   For a full overview of |BoM| configuration, see the :doc:`Bill of materials
+   <../basic_setup/bill_configuration>` documentation.
+
+In the :guilabel:`BoM Type` field, select the :guilabel:`Subcontracting` option. Then, add one or
+more subcontractors in the :guilabel:`Subcontractors` field that appears below.
+
+.. image:: subcontracting_basic/bom-type.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The "BoM Type" field on a BoM, configured to manufacture the product using subcontracting.
+
+Finally, click on the :guilabel:`Miscellaneous` tab. In the :guilabel:`Manuf. Lead Time` field,
+enter the number of days it takes the subcontractor to manufacture the product. This number is
+factored in when calculating the product's expected arrival date.
+
+.. note::
+   When using basic subcontracting, there is no need to list components in the
+   :guilabel:`Components` tab of the |BoM|, since the components required for manufacturing, and the
+   means by which they are acquired, are handled by the subcontractor.
+
+Basic subcontracting workflow
+=============================
+
+The basic subcontracting workflow consists of up to four steps:
+
+#. Create a sales order (SO) for the subcontracted product; doing so creates a |PO| to purchase the
+   product from the subcontractor.
+#. Confirm the |PO| created in the previous step, or create a new |PO|; doing so creates a receipt
+   order or a dropship order.
+#. Process the receipt once the subcontractor has finished manufacturing the subcontracted product,
+   and shipped it back to the contracting company, **OR** process the dropship order to ship the
+   product directly to the customer.
+#. If the workflow was started by creating an |SO|, and the finished product is not dropshipped to
+   the end customer, process the delivery order once the product is shipped to the customer.
+
+The specific number of steps depends on the reason that the subcontracted product is being purchased
+from the subcontractor.
+
+If the reason is to fulfill a specific customer order, the process starts with creating an |SO|, and
+ends with delivering the product to the customer, or having the subcontractor dropship it to them.
+
+If the reason is to increase the quantity of stock on-hand, the process starts with creating a |PO|,
+and ends with receiving the product into inventory.
+
+Create SO
+---------
+
+It is only necessary to complete this step if the product is being purchased from the subcontractor
+to fulfill a customer need. If the product is being purchased to increase the quantity of stock
+on-hand, move on to the next step.
+
+To create a new |SO|, navigate to :menuselection:`Sales app --> Orders --> Orders`, and click
+:guilabel:`New`.
+
+Select the customer in the :guilabel:`Customer` drop-down menu. Then, click :guilabel:`Add a
+product` on the :guilabel:`Order Lines` tab, select a subcontracted product in the
+:guilabel:`Product` drop-down menu, and enter a quantity in the :guilabel:`Quantity` field.
+
+Click :guilabel:`Confirm` to confirm the |SO|, at which point a :guilabel:`Purchase` smart button
+appears at the top of the page. This opens the |PO| created to purchase the subcontracted product
+from the subcontractor.
+
+.. note::
+   An |SO| for the product only creates a |PO| if the *Replenish on Order (MTO)* route is enabled on
+   the product's form, **and** there is not enough stock of the product on-hand to fulfill the |SO|.
+
+   If there is enough stock on-hand, confirming an |SO| for the product creates a delivery order
+   instead, because Odoo assumes that the |SO| is fulfilled using the stock in the warehouse.
+
+   This is not the case for subcontracted products that are dropshipped to the end customer. In that
+   case, a |PO| is **always** created, even if there is enough stock on-hand.
+
+Process PO
+----------
+
+If a |PO| was created in the previous step, navigate to it by clicking the :guilabel:`Purchase`
+smart button at the top of the |SO|, or by going to :guilabel:`Purchase app --> Orders --> Purchase
+Orders`, and selecting the |PO|. Then, click :guilabel:`Confirm Order` to confirm it, and move on to
+the next step.
+
+If a |PO| was not created in the previous step, do so now by navigating to :menuselection:`Purchase
+app --> Orders --> Purchase Orders`, and clicking :guilabel:`New`.
+
+Begin filling out the |PO| by selecting a subcontractor from the :guilabel:`Vendor` drop-down menu.
+In the :guilabel:`Products` tab, click :guilabel:`Add a product` to create a new product line.
+Select a subcontracted product in the :guilabel:`Product` field, and enter the quantity in the
+:guilabel:`Quantity` field. Finally, click :guilabel:`Confirm Order` to confirm the |PO|.
+
+When a |PO| is confirmed for a product manufactured using basic subcontracting, a receipt or
+dropship order is automatically created, and can be accessed from the corresponding
+:guilabel:`Receipt` or :guilabel:`Dropship` smart button that appears at the top of the |PO|.
+
+.. figure:: subcontracting_basic/subcontractor-po.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: A PO for a basic subcontracting product, with a Receipt smart button at the top of the page.
+
+   PO for a basic subcontracting product, with a Receipt smart button at the top of the page.
+
+Process receipt or dropship order
+---------------------------------
+
+Once the subcontractor has finished manufacturing the product, they either ship it to the
+contracting company, or dropship it to the end customer, depending on how the product was
+:ref:`configured <manufacturing/workflows/subcontracting_basic/product-config>`.
+
+Process receipt
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If the subcontractor ships the finished product to the contracting company, once it has been
+received, navigate to :menuselection:`Purchase app --> Orders --> Purchase Orders`, and select the
+|PO|.
+
+Click the :guilabel:`Receive Products` button at the top of the |PO|, or the :guilabel:`Receipt`
+smart button at the top of the page, to open the receipt. Then, click :guilabel:`Validate` at the
+top of the receipt to enter the product into inventory.
+
+Process dropship order
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+If the subcontractor dropships the product, once they have sent it, navigate to
+:menuselection:`Purchase app --> Orders --> Purchase Orders`, and select the |PO|.
+
+Select the :guilabel:`Dropship` smart button at the top of the page to open the dropship order, and
+click :guilabel:`Validate` at the top of the order to confirm that the product has been sent to the
+customer.
+
+Process delivery order
+----------------------
+
+If the subcontracting workflow was started by a customer |SO|, and the finished product was **not**
+dropshipped to the customer, but rather delivered to the contracting company, it is necessary to
+ship the product to the customer, and process the delivery order.
+
+Once the product has been shipped to the customer, navigate to the :menuselection:`Sales` app, and
+select the |SO|. Select the :guilabel:`Delivery` smart button at the top of the page to open the
+delivery order, and click :guilabel:`Validate` on the order to confirm that the product has been
+shipped.