[IMP] inventory: update strategies second person and images

closes odoo/documentation#3804

Signed-off-by: Zachary Straub (zst) <zst@odoo.com>
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Lara Martini (larm) 2023-03-10 21:53:48 +00:00 committed by Zachary Straub (ZST)
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==============================================
How to select the right replenishment strategy
==============================================
==================================
Selecting a replenishment strategy
==================================
Minimum Stock rules and Make to Order have similar consequences but
different rules. They should be used depending on your manufacturing and
delivery strategies.
.. |MTO| replace:: :abbr:`MTO (Make to Oder)`
.. |PO| replace:: :abbr:`PO (Purchase Order)`
.. |MO| replace:: :abbr:`MO (Manufacturing Order)`
.. |SO| replace:: :abbr:`SO (Sales Order)`
In Odoo, there are two strategies for automatically replenishing inventory: *reordering rules* and
the *make to order (MTO)* route. Although these strategies differ slightly, they both have similar
consequences: triggering the automatic creation of a |PO| or |MO|. The choice of which strategy to
use depends on the business's manufacturing and delivery processes.
Terminology
===========
Minimum stock rule
------------------
Replenishment report and reordering rules
-----------------------------------------
Minimum Stock rules are used to ensure that you always have the minimum
amount of a product in stock in order to manufacture your products
and/or answer to your customer needs. When the stock level of a product
reaches its minimum the system will automatically generate a procurement
order with the quantity needed to reach the maximum stock level.
The replenishment report is a list of all products that have a negative forecast quantity.
Make to Order
*Reordering rules* are used to ensure there's always a minimum amount of a product in-stock, in
order to manufacture products and/or fulfill sales orders. When the stock level of a product reaches
its minimum, Odoo automatically generates a purchase order with the quantity needed to reach the
maximum stock level.
Reordering rules can be created and managed in the replenishment report, or from the product form.
Make to order
-------------
The Make to Order function will trigger a Purchase Order of the amount
of the Sales Order related to the product. The system will **not** check
the current stock. This means that a draft purchase order will be
generated regardless of the quantity on hand of the product.
*Make to order (MTO)* is a procurement route that creates a draft purchase order (or manufacturing
order) each time a sales order is confirmed, **regardless of the current stock level**.
Unlike products replenished using reordering rules, Odoo automatically links the sales order to the
|PO| or |MO| generated by the |MTO| route.
Another difference between reordering rules and |MTO| is, with |MTO|, Odoo generates a draft |PO| or
|MO| immediately after the |SO| is confirmed. With reordering rules, Odoo generates a draft |PO| or
|MO| when the product's forecasted stock falls below the set minimum quantity.
In addition, Odoo automatically adds quantities to the |PO| or |MO| as the forecast changes, so long
as the |PO| or |MO| is not confirmed.
The |MTO| route is the best replenishment strategy for products that are customized, and/or for
products that have no stock kept on-hand.
Configuration
=============
Minimum stock rules
-------------------
Replenishment report and reordering rules
-----------------------------------------
The Minimum Stock Rules configuration is available through your
Inventory module. In the Inventory Control menu select "Reordering Rule"
in the drop down menu. There, click on "Create" to set minimum and
maximum stock values for a given product.
To access the replenishment report, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Operations -->
Replenishment.`
.. image:: strategies/strategies01.png
:align: center
By default, the replenishment report dashboard shows every product that needs to be manually
reordered. If there is no specific rule for a product, Odoo assumes the :guilabel:`Min Quantity` and
:guilabel:`Max Quantity` stock are both `0.00`
.. note::
Show tooltips for "minimum quantity", "maximum quantity" and "quantity multiple" fields
For products that don't have a set reordering rule, Odoo calculates the forecast based on
confirmed sales orders, deliveries, and receipts. For products that have a set reordering rule,
Odoo calculates the forecast normally, but also takes into account the purchase/manufacturing
lead time and security lead time.
Then, click on your product to access the related product form and, on
the "Inventory submenu", do not forget to select a supplier.
.. important::
Before creating a new reordering rule, make sure the product has a *vendor* or a *bill of
materials* configured on the product form. To check this, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app
--> Products --> Products`, and select the product to open its product form. The vendor, if
configured, is listed in the :guilabel:`Purchase` tab, and the bill on materials, if configured,
is found in the :guilabel:`Bill of Materials` smart button at the top of the form.
.. image:: strategies/strategies02.png
The :guilabel:`Product Type`, located in the :guilabel:`General Information` tab on the product
form, **must** be set to :guilabel:`Storable Product`. By definition, a consumable product does
not have its inventory levels tracked, so Odoo cannot account for a consumable product in the
replenishment report.
.. image:: strategies/replenishment-report-dashboard.png
:align: center
:alt: Replenishment report listing all items needing to be purchased to meet current needs.
.. tip::
Don't forget to select the right product type. A consumable can not be stocked and will thus not
be accounted for in the stock valuation.
To create a new reordering rule from the replenishment report, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app
--> Operations --> Replenishment`, click :guilabel:`Create`, and select the desired product from the
drop-down menu in the :guilabel:`Product` column. If necessary, a :guilabel:`Min Quantity` and a
:guilabel:`Max Quantity` can be configured in the corresponding columns on the
:guilabel:`Replenishment` report page, as well.
Make to Order
-------------
To create a new reordering rule from the product form, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app -->
Products --> Products`, and select a product to open its product form. Click the
:guilabel:`Reordering Rules` smart button, click :guilabel:`Create`, and fill out the fields.
The Make to Order configuration is available on your product form
through your :menuselection:`Inventory --> Inventory control --> Products` (or any
other module where products are available).
Replenishment report fields
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
On the product form, under Inventory, click on "Make To Order".
The following fields are on the :guilabel:`Replenishment` report. If any of these fields are not
visible, click the :guilabel:`⋮ (additional options)` icon on the far right side of the report, then
click the checkbox next to a field to make it visible.
.. image:: strategies/strategies03.png
- :guilabel:`Product`: the product that requires a replenishment.
- :guilabel:`Location`: the specific location where the product is stored.
- :guilabel:`Warehouse`: the warehouse where the product is stored.
- :guilabel:`On Hand`: the amount of product currently available.
- :guilabel:`Forecast`: the amount of product available after all current orders (sales,
manufacturing, purchase, etc.) are taken into account.
- :guilabel:`Preferred Route`: how the product is procured, either :guilabel:`Buy`,
:guilabel:`Manufactured`, :guilabel:`Dropship`, etc.
- :guilabel:`Vendor`: the company from which the product is acquired.
- :guilabel:`Bill of Materials`: the bill of materials for the product (if one is configured).
- :guilabel:`Trigger`: how the replenishment is created, either :guilabel:`Auto` (automatically,
once the :guilabel:`On Hand` quantity goes below the :guilabel:`Min Quantity`) or
:guilabel:`Manual` (only when the replenishment is requested).
- :guilabel:`Procurement Group`: the reference number for how the product is being acquired, such as
a sales order, purchase order, or manufacturing order.
- :guilabel:`Min Quantity`: the minimum amount of product that should be available. When inventory
levels goes below this number, the replenishment is triggered.
- :guilabel:`Max Quantity`: the amount of product that should be available after replenishing the
product.
- :guilabel:`Multiple Quantity`: if the product should be ordered in specific quantities, enter the
number that should be ordered. For example, if the :guilabel:`Multiple Quantity` is set to `5`,
and only 3 are needed, 5 products are replenished.
- :guilabel:`To Order`: the amount of product that is currently needed, and will be ordered, if the
:guilabel:`Order Once` or :guilabel:`Automate Orders` button is clicked.
- :guilabel:`UoM`: the unit of measure used to acquire the product.
- :guilabel:`Company`: the company for which the product is acquired.
By default, the quantity in the :guilabel:`To Order` field is the quantity required to reach the set
:guilabel:`Max Quantity`. However, the :guilabel:`To Order` quantity can be adjusted by clicking on
the field and, changing the value, and clicking :guilabel:`Save`. To replenish a product manually,
click :guilabel:`Order Once`.
To automate a replenishment from the :guilabel:`Replenishment` page, click :guilabel:`Automate
Orders` on the right-side of the line, represented by a :guilabel:`🔄 (circular arrow)` icon.
When this button is clicked, Odoo will automatically generate a draft |PO|/|MO| every time the
forecasted stock level falls below the set :guilabel:`Min Quantity` of the reordering rule.
On the :guilabel:`Replenishment` page, a reordering rule or manual replenishment can be temporarily
deactivated for a given period, by clicking the :guilabel:`🔕 (snooze)` icon on the far-right of the
line.
.. image:: strategies/reordering-rule-snooze-settings.png
:align: center
:alt: Snooze options to turn off notifications for reordering for a period of time.
Choice between the two options
------------------------------
A |PO| or |MO| created by a manual replenishment has a :guilabel:`Replenishment Report` as the
source document. A |PO| or |MO| created by an automated reordering rule has the |SO| reference
number(s) that triggered the rule as the source document.
The choice between the two options is thus dependent of your inventory
strategy. If you prefer to have a buffer and always have at least a
minimum amount, the minimum stock rule should be used. If you want to
reorder your stocks only if your sale is confirmed it is better to use
the Make to Order.
.. image:: strategies/rfq-source-document.png
:align: center
:alt: Quote request list shows which quotes are directly from the replenishment report.
Make to order (MTO) route
=========================
Since the |MTO| route is recommended for customized products, the route is hidden by default.
To activate the |MTO| route in Odoo:
#. Go to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Configuration --> Settings`.
#. Activate the :guilabel:`Multi-Step Routes` setting, located under the :guilabel:`Warehouse`
section, and click :guilabel:`Save`.
#. Then, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Configuration --> Routes`.
#. Click on :menuselection:`Filters --> Archived` to show archived routes.
#. Select the checkbox next to :guilabel:`Replenish on Order (MTO)`, and click on
:menuselection:`Action --> Unarchive`.
.. note::
Activating the :guilabel:`Multi-Step Routes` setting also activates :guilabel:`Storage
Locations`. If these features aren't applicable to the warehouse, disable these settings after
unarchiving the |MTO| route.
To set a product's procurement route to |MTO|, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products -->
Products`, click on the desired product to open its product form, and click :guilabel:`Edit`.
Then, click the :guilabel:`Inventory` tab, and in the :guilabel:`Routes` section of options, select
:guilabel:`Replenish on Order (MTO)`.
For products purchased directly from a vendor, make sure the :guilabel:`Buy` route is selected, in
addition to the :guilabel:`Replenish on Order (MTO)` route. Also, make sure a vendor is configured
in the :guilabel:`Purchase` tab of the product form.
For products manufactured in-house, make sure the :guilabel:`Manufacture` route is selected, in
addition to the :guilabel:`Replenish on Order (MTO)` route. Also, make sure a bill of materials is
configured for the product, which is accessible via the :guilabel:`Bill of Materials` smart button
on the product form.
Finally, when all configurations are complete, click :guilabel:`Save`.
.. note::
The |MTO| route cannot be selected alone. |MTO| **only** works if the :guilabel:`Manufacture` or
:guilabel:`Buy` route is also selected.
.. image:: strategies/acoustic-block-screen-replenish.png
:align: center
:alt: Replenish on Order selected on the product form.

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