[ADD] Manufacturing: Dropship to subcontractor

closes odoo/documentation#8565

Signed-off-by: Zachary Straub (zst) <zst@odoo.com>

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/workflows.rst

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ Workflows
    :titlesonly:
 
    workflows/subcontracting
+   workflows/subcontracting_dropship
    workflows/use_mps
    workflows/work_center_time_off
    workflows/scrap_manufacturing

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/workflows/subcontracting_dropship.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+=========================
+Dropship to subcontractor
+=========================
+
+.. |SO| replace:: :abbr:`SO (Sales Order)`
+.. |SOs| replace:: :abbr:`SOs (Sales Orders)`
+.. |PO| replace:: :abbr:`PO (Purchase Order)`
+.. |POs| replace:: :abbr:`POs (Purchase Orders)`
+.. |RfQ| replace:: :abbr:`RfQ (Request for Quotation)`
+.. |BoM| replace:: :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`
+
+In manufacturing, subcontracting is the process of a company engaging a third-party manufacturer, or
+subcontractor, to manufacture products that are then sold by the contracting company.
+
+In Odoo, the *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* route is used to purchase the necessary components
+for a subcontracted product from the vendor, and have them delivered directly to the subcontractor,
+each time a purchase order (PO) for that product is confirmed.
+
+The subcontractor then uses the components to manufacture the desired product, before shipping it
+back to the contracting company.
+
+.. important::
+   It is necessary to understand the differences between the *Dropship* and *Dropship Subcontractor
+   on Order* routes. While both routes involve dropshipping, they are used for different purposes.
+
+   The *Dropship* route is used to purchase products from a vendor, and have them shipped directly
+   to the end customer.
+
+   The *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* route is used to purchase components from a vendor, and
+   have them shipped directly to a subcontractor. By default, finished products are then sent from
+   the subcontractor back to the contracting company.
+
+   However, it is possible to combine both the *Dropship* and *Dropship Subcontractor on Order*
+   routes so they are used for the same product. In this workflow, components are dropshipped to the
+   subcontractor, who then ships the finished product directly to the end customer.
+
+   This can be achieved by following steps one through five in the :ref:`workflow section
+   <manufacturing/workflows/subcontracting-dropship>` of this doc.
+
+Configuration
+=============
+
+To use the *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* route, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app
+--> Configuration --> Settings`, and enable the checkbox next to :guilabel:`Subcontracting`, under
+the :guilabel:`Operations` heading.
+
+Once the *Subcontracting* setting is enabled, it is also necessary to properly configure the
+subcontracted product, the product's |BoM|, and the components listed on the |BoM|.
+
+Configure product
+-----------------
+
+To configure a product for the *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* route, navigate to
+:menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products --> Products`, and select a product, or create a new one
+by clicking :guilabel:`New`.
+
+Select the :guilabel:`Purchase` tab, and add the product's subcontractor as a vendor by clicking
+:guilabel:`Add a line`, selecting the subcontractor in the :guilabel:`Vendor` drop-down menu, and
+entering a price in the :guilabel:`Price` field.
+
+Then, click on the :guilabel:`Inventory` tab to configure a route that determines what happens to
+the finished product, once it has been manufactured by the subcontractor.
+
+If the finished product is shipped back to the contracting company, make sure that the
+:guilabel:`Buy` route is selected. In addition, select the :guilabel:`Replenish on Order (MTO)`
+route to automatically create a |PO| for the product upon confirmation of a |SO|, unless there is
+enough stock on-hand to fulfill the |SO|.
+
+If the finished product is shipped directly to the customer by the subcontractor, make sure that
+only the :guilabel:`Dropship` route is selected.
+
+Configure bill of materials
+---------------------------
+
+To configure a |BoM| for the *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* route, click the :guilabel:`Bill of
+Materials` smart button on the product's page, and select the |BoM|.
+
+Alternatively, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app --> Products --> Bills of Materials`,
+and select the |BoM| for the subcontracted product.
+
+.. seealso::
+   For a full overview of |BoM| configuration, see the :doc:`Bill of materials
+   <../basic_setup/bill_configuration>` documentation.
+
+In the :guilabel:`BoM Type` field, select the :guilabel:`Subcontracting` option. Then, add one or
+more subcontractors in the :guilabel:`Subcontractors` field that appears below.
+
+.. image:: subcontracting_dropship/bom-type.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The "BoM Type" field on a BoM, configured to manufacture the product using subcontracting.
+
+Finally, make sure that all necessary components are specified on the :guilabel:`Components` tab. To
+add a new component, click :guilabel:`Add a line`, select the component in the :guilabel:`Component`
+drop-down menu, and specify the required quantity in the :guilabel:`Quantity` field.
+
+Configure Components
+--------------------
+
+To configure components for the *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* route, navigate to each component
+from the |BoM| by selecting the component's name in the :guilabel:`Components` tab, and clicking the
+:guilabel:`➡️ (right arrow)` button to the right of the name.
+
+Alternatively, navigate to each component by going to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products -->
+Products`, and selecting the component.
+
+On the component product form, select the :guilabel:`Purchase` tab, and add a vendor by clicking
+:guilabel:`Add a line`, selecting the vendor in the :guilabel:`Vendor` field, and adding the price
+they sell the product for in the :guilabel:`Price` field. This is the vendor that sends components
+to the subcontractor, once they are purchased.
+
+Then, click on the :guilabel:`Inventory` tab and select the :guilabel:`Dropship Subcontractor on
+Order` route in the :guilabel:`Routes` section.
+
+Repeat the process for every component that must be dropshipped to the subcontractor.
+
+.. _manufacturing/workflows/subcontracting-dropship:
+
+Dropship subcontractor on order workflow
+========================================
+
+The dropship subcontractor on order workflow consists of up to six steps:
+
+#. Create a sales order (SO) for the subcontracted product; doing so creates a *subcontractor* |PO|
+   to purchase the product from the subcontractor.
+#. Confirm the |PO| created in the previous step, or create a new |PO|; doing so creates a request
+   for quotation (RfQ) to purchase the components from the vendor, as well as a receipt order or a
+   dropship order.
+#. Confirm the |RfQ| to turn it into a second |PO| (*vendor* |PO|); doing so creates a *Dropship
+   Subcontractor* order.
+#. Process the *Dropship Subcontractor* order once the vendor has sent the components to the
+   subcontractor.
+#. Process the receipt once the subcontractor has finished manufacturing the subcontracted product,
+   and shipped it back to the contracting company **OR** process the dropship order to ship the
+   product directly to the end customer.
+#. If the workflow was started by creating an |SO|, and the finished product is not dropshipped to
+   the end customer, process the delivery order once the product has been shipped to the customer.
+
+The specific number of steps depends on the reason that the subcontracted product is being purchased
+from the subcontractor.
+
+If the reason is to fulfill a specific customer order, the process starts with creating an SO, and
+ends with delivering the product to the customer, or having the subcontractor dropship it to them.
+
+If the reason is to increase quantity of stock on-hand, the process starts with creating a PO, and
+ends with receiving the product into inventory.
+
+Create an SO
+------------
+
+It is only necessary to complete this step if the product is being purchased from the subcontractor
+to fulfill a customer need. If the product is being purchased to increase the quantity of stock
+on-hand, move on to the next step.
+
+To create a new |SO|, navigate to :menuselection:`Sales app --> Orders --> Orders`, and click
+:guilabel:`New`.
+
+Select the customer in the :guilabel:`Customer` drop-down menu. Then, click :guilabel:`Add a
+product` on the :guilabel:`Order Lines` tab, select the product in the :guilabel:`Product` drop-down
+menu, and enter a quantity in the :guilabel:`Quantity` field.
+
+Click :guilabel:`Confirm` to confirm the |SO|, at which point a :guilabel:`Purchase` smart button
+appears at the top of the page. This is the *subcontractor* |PO|, or the |PO| created to purchase
+the subcontracted product from the subcontractor.
+
+.. note::
+   An |SO| for the product only creates a *subcontractor* |PO| if the *Replenish on Order (MTO)*
+   route is enabled on the product's page, **and** there is no stock of the product on-hand.
+
+   If there is stock on-hand, confirming an |SO| for the product will instead create a delivery
+   order, because Odoo assumes that the |SO| is fulfilled using the stock in the warehouse.
+
+   This is not the case for subcontracted products that are dropshipped to the end customer. In that
+   case, a *subcontractor* |PO| is **always** created, even if there is stock on-hand.
+
+Process subcontractor PO
+------------------------
+
+If a *subcontractor* |PO| was not created in the previous step, do so now by navigating to
+:menuselection:`Purchase app --> Orders --> Purchase Orders`, and clicking :guilabel:`New`.
+
+Begin filling out the |PO| by selecting a subcontractor from the :guilabel:`Vendor` drop-down menu.
+
+In the :guilabel:`Products` tab, click :guilabel:`Add a product` to create a new product line.
+Select a product produced by the subcontractor in the :guilabel:`Product` field, and enter the
+quantity in the :guilabel:`Quantity` field.
+
+Finally, click :guilabel:`Confirm Order` to confirm the *subcontractor* |PO|.
+
+When a |PO| is confirmed for a product that requires dropshipping components to a subcontractor, a
+receipt or dropship order is automatically created, and can be accessed from the corresponding
+:guilabel:`Receipt` or :guilabel:`Dropship` smart button that appears at the top of the |PO|.
+
+.. image:: subcontracting_dropship/subcontractor-po.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: A subcontractor PO for a *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* product, with a Receipt smart
+         button at the top of the page.
+
+In addition, an |RfQ| is created for the components that are purchased from the vendor and sent to
+the subcontractor. However, the |RfQ| **IS NOT** automatically linked to the *subcontractor* |PO|.
+
+Once the |RfQ| is confirmed and becomes a *vendor* |PO|, a *Dropship Subcontractor* order is
+created. This order is linked to both the *vendor* |PO| and the *subcontractor* |PO|.
+
+Confirm vendor RfQ
+------------------
+
+To access the |RfQ| created by confirming the *subcontractor* |PO|, navigate to
+:menuselection:`Purchase app --> Orders --> Requests for Quotation`. Select the |RfQ| that lists the
+correct vendor in the :guilabel:`Vendor` field, and the reference number of the receipt that was
+created after confirming *subcontractor* |PO|, in the :guilabel:`Source Document` field.
+
+On the |RfQ|, the :guilabel:`Deliver To` field reads :guilabel:`Dropship Subcontractor`, and the
+:guilabel:`Dropship Address` field shows the name of the subcontractor to whom components are being
+dropshipped.
+
+Click :guilabel:`Confirm Order` to turn the |RfQ| into a *vendor* |PO|, and confirm the purchase of
+components from the vendor. After doing so, a :guilabel:`Dropship` smart button appears at the top
+of the *vendor* |PO|, and a :guilabel:`Resupply` smart button appears at the top of the
+*subcontractor* |PO|.
+
+.. image:: subcontracting_dropship/vendor-po.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: A vendor PO for the components of a *Dropship Subcontractor on Order* product, with a
+         Dropship smart button at the top of the page.
+
+Process Dropship Subcontractor order
+------------------------------------
+
+Once the components have been delivered to the subcontractor, navigate to :menuselection:`Purchase
+app --> Orders --> Purchase Orders`, and select the *vendor* |PO| or the *subcontractor* |PO|. Then,
+click the :guilabel:`Dropship` smart button or the :guilabel:`Resupply` smart button, respectively.
+
+Clicking either button opens the *Dropship Subcontractor* order. Click the :guilabel:`Validate`
+button at the top of the order to confirm that the subcontractor has received the components.
+
+Process receipt or dropship order
+---------------------------------
+
+Once the subcontractor has manufactured the finished product, navigate to :menuselection:`Purchase
+app --> Orders --> Purchase Orders`, and select the *subcontractor* |PO|.
+
+If the subcontracted product should be received into inventory, once the product arrives, click the
+:guilabel:`Receive Products` button at the top of the *subcontractor* |PO| to open the receipt.
+Then, click :guilabel:`Validate` at the top of the receipt to register the product into inventory.
+
+Alternatively, select the :guilabel:`Receipt` smart button at the top of the *subcontractor* |PO|,
+and click :guilabel:`Validate` at the top of the receipt.
+
+If the subcontracted product should be dropshipped, select the :guilabel:`Dropship` button at the
+top of the page to open the dropship order, and click :guilabel:`Validate` once the subcontractor
+has sent the product to the customer.
+
+Process delivery order
+----------------------
+
+If the subcontracting workflow was started by a customer |SO|, and the finished product was **not**
+dropshipped to the customer, but rather delivered to the contracting company, it is necessary to
+ship the product to the customer, and process the delivery order.
+
+Once the product has been shipped to the customer, navigate to the :menuselection:`Sales` app, and
+select the |SO|. Select the :guilabel:`Delivery` smart button at the top of the page to open the
+delivery order, and click :guilabel:`Validate` to confirm that the product has been shipped to the
+customer.