[IMP] inventory: update differences doc
closes odoo/documentation#7216
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Signed-off-by: Zachary Straub (zst) <zst@odoo.com>
Signed-off-by: Brandon Seltenrich (brse) <brse@odoo.com>
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======================================================
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What's the difference between lots and serial numbers?
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======================================================
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==========================================
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Difference between lots and serial numbers
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==========================================
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Introduction
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============
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*Lots* and *serial numbers* are the two ways to identify and track products in Odoo. While there are
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similarities between the two traceability methods, there are also notable differences that affect
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receipts, deliveries, and inventory reports.
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In Odoo, lots and serial numbers have similarities in their functional
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system but are different in their behavior. They are both managed within
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the **Inventory**, **Purchases** and **Sales** app.
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A *lot* usually indicates a specific batch of an item that was received, is currently stored, or was
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shipped from a warehouse. However, it can also pertain to a batch of products manufactured in-house,
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as well.
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**Lots** correspond to a certain number of products you received and store
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altogether in one single pack.
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**Serial numbers** are identification numbers given to one product in
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particular, to allow to track the history of the item from reception to
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delivery and after-sales.
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When to use
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-----------
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**Lots** are interesting for products you receive in great quantity and for
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which a lot number can help in reportings, quality controls, or any
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other info. Lots will help identify a number of pieces having for
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instance a production fault. It can be useful for a batch production of
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clothes or food.
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**Serial numbers** are interesting for items that could require after-sales
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service, such as smartphones, laptops, fridges, and any electronic
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devices. You could use the manufacturer's serial number or your own,
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depending on the way you manage these products
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When not to use
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---------------
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Storing consumable products such as kitchen roll, toilet paper, pens and
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paper blocks in lots would make no sense at all, as there are very few
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chances that you can return them for production fault.
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On the other hand, giving a serial number to every product is a
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time-consuming task that will have a purpose only in the case of items
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that have a warranty and/or after-sales services. Putting a serial
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number on bread, for instance, makes no sense at all.
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A *serial number* is a unique identifier assigned incrementally (or sequentially) to an item or
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product, used to distinguish it from other items or products.
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.. seealso::
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* :doc:`serial_numbers`
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* :doc:`lots`
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- :doc:`lots`
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- :doc:`serial_numbers`
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Enable lots & serial numbers
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============================
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To track products using lots and serial numbers, the *Lots & Serial Numbers* feature must be
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enabled.
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To do that, go to the :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Configuration --> Settings`, scroll down to
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the :guilabel:`Traceability` section, and click the box next to :guilabel:`Lots & Serial Numbers`.
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Then, click the :guilabel:`Save` button to save changes.
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.. image:: differences/differences-enabled-setting.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Enabled lots and serial numbers feature in inventory settings.
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When to use lots
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================
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Lots are useful for products that are manufactured or received in large quantities, such as clothes
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or food. Lots and can be used to trace a product back to a group, which is especially useful when
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managing product recalls or expiration dates.
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.. example::
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.. image:: differences/differences-lot.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Created lot with quantity of products in it.
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Manufacturers assign lot numbers to groups of products that have common properties; this can lead to
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multiple goods sharing the same lot number. This helps identify a number of products in a single
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group, and allows for end-to-end traceability of these products through each step in their life
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cycles.
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When to use serial numbers
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==========================
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The goal of assigning serial numbers to individual products is to make sure every item's history is
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identifiable when it travels through the supply chain. This can be especially useful for
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manufacturers that provide after-sales services related to products they sell and deliver.
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.. example::
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.. image:: differences/differences-serial-numbers.png
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:align: center
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:alt: List of serial numbers for product.
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Serial numbers can contain many different types of characters: numbers, letters, typographical
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symbols, or a mixture of all three types.
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Traceability
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============
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Manufacturers and companies can refer to traceability reports to see the entire life cycle of a
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product. These reports include vital information, like where it came from (and when), where it was
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stored, and to whom it was sent.
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To see the full traceability of a product, or group products by lots and/or serial numbers, go to
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:menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products --> Lots/Serial Numbers`. Doing so reveals the
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:guilabel:`Lots/Serial Numbers` dashboard.
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From here, products with lots or serial numbers assigned to them are listed by default. They can
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also be expanded to show what lots or serial numbers have been specifically assigned to them.
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To group by lots or serial numbers, first remove any default filters from the search bar in the
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upper-right corner. Then, click :guilabel:`Group By`, and select :guilabel:`Add Custom Group`, which
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reveals a mini drop-down menu. From this mini drop-down menu, select :guilabel:`Lot/Serial Number`,
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and click :guilabel:`Apply`.
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Doing so reveals all existing lots and serial numbers, and each can be expanded to show all product
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quantities with that assigned number. For unique serial numbers that are *not* reused, there should
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*only* be one product per serial number.
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.. image:: differences/differences-tracking.png
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:align: center
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:alt: Reporting page with drop-down lists of lots and serial numbers.
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.. tip::
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For additional information regarding an individual lot number or serial number, click the line
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item for the lot or serial number to reveal that specific number's :guilabel:`Lot` or
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:guilabel:`Serial Number` form. From this form, click the :guilabel:`Location` and
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:guilabel:`Traceability` smart buttons to see all stock on-hand using that serial number. Any
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operations made using that lot or serial number can be found here, as well.
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