[ADD] inventory: compare packs and uom
closes odoo/documentation#11647
X-original-commit: 1ac6e5e975
Signed-off-by: Felicia Kuan (feku) <feku@odoo.com>
Co-authored-by: ksc-odoo <73958186+ksc-odoo@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sam Lieber (sali) <36018073+samueljlieber@users.noreply.github.com>
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.. |UoM| replace:: :abbr:`UoM (Unit of Measure)`
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.. |UoMs| replace:: :abbr:`UoMs (Units of Measure)`
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=================
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Configure product
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=================
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A group of products in Odoo can be further defined using:
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- :doc:`Units of measure (UoM) <configure/uom>`: a standard quantity for specifying product amounts
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(e.g., meters, yards, kilograms). Enables automatic conversion between measurement systems in
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Odoo, such as centimeters to feet.
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- *Ex: Purchasing fabric measured in meters but receiving it in yards from a vendor.*
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- :doc:`configure/package`: A physical container used to group products together, regardless of
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whether they are the same or different.
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- *Ex: A box containing assorted items for delivery, or a storage box of two hundred buttons on a
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shelf.*
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- :doc:`configure/packaging`: groups the *same* products together to receive or sell them in
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specified quantities.
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- *Ex: Cans of soda sold in packs of six, twelve, or twenty-four.*
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Comparison
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==========
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This table provides a detailed comparison of units of measure, packages, and packaging to help
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businesses evaluate which best suits their requirements.
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.. list-table::
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:header-rows: 1
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:stub-columns: 1
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* - Feature
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- Unit of measure
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- Packages
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- Packaging
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* - Purpose
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- Standardized measurement for product units (e.g., cm, lb, L)
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- Tracks the specific physical container and its contents
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- Groups a fixed number of items together for easier management (e.g., packs of 6, 12 or 24)
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* - Product uniformity
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- Defined per product; saved as one |UoM| in the database
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- Allows mixed products
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- Same products only
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* - Flexible
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- Converts between vendor/customer |UoMs| and database |UoM|
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- Items can be added or removed from the container
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- Quantities are fixed (e.g., always packs of 6, 12 or 24)
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* - Complexity
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- Simplest for unit conversions
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- More complex due to container-level inventory tracking
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- Simpler; suitable for uniform product groupings
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* - Inventory tracking
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- Tracks product quantities within the warehouse in the specific |UoM| defined in the product
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form
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- Tracks package location and contents within the warehouse
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- Tracks grouped quantities but not individual items' locations
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* - Smooth barcode operations
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- Not available
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- Requires scanning both the package and individual items for reception. (even if there are 30
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items in a package). Can enable the :ref:`Move Entire Packages
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<inventory/product_management/move-entire-pack>` feature to update the package's contained
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items' locations, when moving the package
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- Scanning a packaging barcode automatically records all included units. (e.g. 1 pack = 12
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units)
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* - Product lookup
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- Not available
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- Scanning a product's barcode identifies its typical storage location in the Odoo database
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- Barcode identifies grouped quantity, not storage location
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* - Unique barcodes
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- Not available
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- Unique barcodes for individual packages (e.g. Pallet #12)
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- Barcodes set at the packaging type level (e.g. for a pack of 6)
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* - Reusability
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- Not applicable
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- Can be disposable or reusable, configured via the :ref:`Package Use
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<inventory/warehouses_storage/cluster-pack>` field
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- Disposable only
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* - Container weight
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- Not applicable
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- Weight of the container itself is included in the *Shipping Weight* field of a package
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(:menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products --> Packages`)
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- Weight of the container is defined in the *Package Type* settings
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* - Lot/serial number tracking
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- Requires manual adjustments to track |UoMs| via lots (See :ref:`use case
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<inventory/product_management/lots-uom>` for details)
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- Applies only to contained products
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- Applies to both contained products and the container
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* - Custom routes
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- Cannot be set
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- Cannot be set
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- Routes can define specific warehouse paths for a particular packaging type
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Use cases
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=========
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After comparing the various features, consider how these businesses, with various inventory
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management and logistics workflows, came to their decision.
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Pallets of items using packaging
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--------------------------------
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A warehouse receives shipments of soap organized on physical pallets, each containing 96 bars. These
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pallets are used for internal transfers and are also sold as standalone units. For logistical
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purposes, the pallet's weight must be included in the total shipping weight for certain deliveries.
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Additionally, the pallet requires a barcode to facilitate tracking, and the number of individual
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bars of soap must be included in the stock count when the pallet is received.
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After evaluating various options, *product packaging* was the most suitable solution. Packaging
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enables assigning a barcode to a pallet, identifying it as a "pallet type" containing 96 soap bars.
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This barcode streamlines operations by automatically registering the grouped quantity. Key
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distinctions include:
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- **Warehouse tracking limitations**: Odoo tracks only the total quantity, not the number of
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packagings. For instance, if a pallet with 12 and 24 quantities is received, Odoo records 36
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quantities, not the pallet details.
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- **Packaging barcodes are type-specific, not unique**: Barcodes represent packaging types (e.g.,
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"pallet of 96 soap bars") but do not uniquely identify individual pallets, such as Pallet #1 or
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Pallet #2.
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Capture product information using barcode
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-----------------------------------------
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An Odoo user expects the **Barcode** app to display the typical storage location of a product by
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scanning a barcode for a container.
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*Packages* was the most suitable. When the :ref:`appropriate setting is enabled
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<inventory/warehouses_storage/enable-package>`, scanning a package barcode displays its contents in
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the **Barcode** app.
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Packages represent physical containers, enabling detailed tracking of the items they hold.
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Scanning a package provides visibility into its contents and facilitates operations, like inventory
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moves.
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.. _inventory/product_management/lots-uom:
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Track different units of measure in storage
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-------------------------------------------
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A fruit juice distributor tracks multiple |UoMs| for their operations:
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- Fruits are purchased in tons.
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- Juice is produced and stored in kilograms.
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- Small samples are stored in grams for recipe testing.
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*Unit of Measure* was most suitable. Odoo automatically converts tons to kilograms during
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receipts. However, since Odoo tracks only one |UoM| per product in the database, the company uses
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lot numbers to differentiate |UoMs|:
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- LOT1: Grams (g)
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- LOT2: Kilograms (kg)
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Manual inventory adjustments are required to convert between lots, such as subtracting 1 kg from
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LOT2 to add 1,000 g to LOT1. While functional, this workaround can be time-consuming and prone to
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errors.
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.. toctree::
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:titlesonly:
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@ -45,6 +45,17 @@ the :guilabel:`Operations` heading, activate the :guilabel:`Packages` feature. T
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:align: center
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:alt: Activate the *Packages* setting in Inventory > Configuration > Settings.
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.. _inventory/product_management/move-entire-pack:
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When moving packages internally, the *Move Entire Packages* feature can be enabled on an operation
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type to update a package's contained item's location upon updating the package's location.
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To do that, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Configuration --> Operations Types` and select
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the desired operation this feature will apply to (may have to set it for multiple).
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On the operation type page, in the :guilabel:`Packages` section, tick the :guilabel:`Move Entire
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Packages` checkbox.
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.. _inventory/warehouses_storage/pack:
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Pack items
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