[ADD]inventory: product type

closes odoo/documentation#8257

X-original-commit: bfcb1fa443
Signed-off-by: Felicia Kuan (feku) <feku@odoo.com>
Co-authored-by: brse-odoo <brse@odoo.com>
Co-authored-by: ksc-odoo <73958186+ksc-odoo@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Sam Lieber (sali) <36018073+samueljlieber@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Zachary Straub <zst@odoo.com>

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/product_management/product_tracking.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Product tracking
 .. toctree::
    :titlesonly:
 
+   product_tracking/type
    product_tracking/differences
    product_tracking/serial_numbers
    product_tracking/lots

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/product_management/product_tracking/type.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+============
+Product type
+============
+
+.. |BOM| replace:: :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`
+
+Define *product types* in Odoo to track products in varying levels of detail.
+
+Classify products as *storable* to track stock counts, allowing users to trigger :doc:`reordering
+rules <../product_replenishment/reordering_rules>` for generating purchase orders. *Consumable*
+products are assumed to always be in stock, and *service* products are performed and served by the
+business.
+
+.. seealso::
+   `Odoo Tutorials: Product Type <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6j0ZkP5mLM>`_
+
+Set product type
+================
+
+To set a product type, go to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products --> Products`, and select
+the desired product from the list.
+
+On the product form, in the :guilabel:`Product Type` field, select:
+
+- :guilabel:`Storable Product` for products tracked with stock counts. Only storable products can
+  trigger reordering rules for generating purchase orders;
+
+   .. tip::
+      Choose :guilabel:`Storable Product` if it is necessary to track a product's stock at various
+      locations, inventory valuations, or if the product has lots and/or serial numbers.
+
+- :guilabel:`Consumable` for products that are always assumed to be in stock, whose quantities are
+  not necessary to track or forecast (e.g. nails, toilet paper, coffee, etc.). Consumables are
+  replaceable and essential, but exact counts are unnecessary; or
+- :guilabel:`Service` for sellable service products that are performed, and not tracked with stock
+  counts (i.e. maintenance, installation, or repair services).
+
+  .. image:: type/product-form.png
+    :align: center
+    :alt: Set a product type on the product form.
+
+.. note::
+   The product types listed above are part of the standard *Inventory* app. For access to the fields
+   below, :ref:`install <general/install>` the corresponding apps **in addition** to *Inventory*.
+
+- :guilabel:`Booking Fees`: charge a fee for booking appointments through the *Appointments* app.
+  Requires the installation of the *Calendar* app and *Pay to Book* (`appointment_account_payment`)
+  module
+- :guilabel:`Combo`: create discounted products sold in a bundle. Requires the installation of the
+  *PoS* app.
+- :guilabel:`Event Ticket`: sold to attendees wanting to go to an event. Requires the installation
+  of the *Events* app
+- :guilabel:`Event Booth`: sold to partners or sponsors to set up a booth at an event. Requires the
+  installation of the *Events* app
+- :guilabel:`Course`: sell access to an educational course. Requires the installation of the
+  *eLearning* app
+
+Compare types
+=============
+
+Below is a summary of how each product type affects common *Inventory* operations, like transfers,
+reordering rules, and the forecasted report. Click the chart item with an asterisk (*) to navigate
+to detailed sections.
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+   :stub-columns: 1
+
+   * - Product type
+     - Storable
+     - Consumable
+     - Service
+   * - Physical product
+     - Yes
+     - Yes
+     - No
+   * - On-hand quantity
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/on-hand-store>`
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/on-hand-con>`
+     - No
+   * - :doc:`Inventory valuation
+       <../../warehouses_storage/inventory_valuation/using_inventory_valuation>`
+     - Yes
+     - No
+     - No
+   * - Create transfer
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/transfer-store>`
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/transfer-con>`
+     - :ref:`No* <inventory/product_management/transfer-serv>`
+   * - :doc:`Lot/serial number tracking <differences>`
+     - Yes
+     - No
+     - No
+   * - Create purchase order
+     - Yes
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/po>`
+     - No
+   * - Can be manufactured or subcontracted
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/manufacture>`
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/manufacture>`
+     - No
+   * - Can be in a kit
+     - Yes
+     - Yes
+     - No
+   * - Placed in package
+     - Yes
+     - :ref:`Yes* <inventory/product_management/package>`
+     - No
+   * - Appears on Inventory report
+     - :ref:`Yes <inventory/product_management/report>`
+     - No
+     - No
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/on-hand-store:
+
+On-hand quantity
+----------------
+
+A storable product's on-hand and forecasted quantities, based on incoming and outgoing orders, are
+reflected on the product form, accessed by going to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products -->
+Products`, and selecting the desired product.
+
+.. figure:: type/on-hand.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Show "On Hand" and "Forecast" smart buttons.
+
+   Current and forecasted quantities are displayed in the **On Hand** and **Forecasted** smart
+   buttons on the product form.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/on-hand-con:
+
+On the other hand, consumable products are regarded as always available, and they **cannot** be
+managed using reordering rules or lot/serial numbers.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/transfer-store:
+
+Create transfer
+---------------
+
+*Transfers* are any warehouse operation, such as receipts, internal or batch transfers, or
+deliveries.
+
+When creating a transfer for storable products in the *Inventory* app, transfers modify the on-hand
+quantity at each location.
+
+For example, transferring five units from the internal location `WH/Stock` to `WH/Packing Zone`
+decreases the recorded quantity at `WH/Stock` and increases it at `WH/Packing Zone`.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/transfer-con:
+
+For consumable products, transfers can be created, but exact quantities at each storage location are
+not tracked.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/transfer-serv:
+
+Service products cannot be included in transfers, but these products can be `linked to projects and
+tasks for deadline tracking <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fix2LGkv13c>`_.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/po:
+
+Create purchase order
+---------------------
+
+Both storable and consumable products can be included in a request for quotation in the *Purchase*
+app.
+
+However, when receiving consumable products, their on-hand quantity does not change upon validating
+the receipt (e.g. `WH/IN`).
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/manufacture:
+
+Manufacture or subcontract
+--------------------------
+
+Storable and consumable products can be manufactured, subcontracted, or included in a bill of
+materials (BoM).
+
+.. figure:: type/manufacture.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Show "Bill of Materials" and "Used In" smart buttons.
+
+   When the **Bill of Materials** and **Used In** smart buttons are visible on the product form,
+   this indicates the product can be manufactured or used as a component of a |BOM|.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/package:
+
+Packages
+--------
+
+Both storable and consumable products can be placed in :doc:`packages <package>`.
+
+However, for consumable products, the quantity is not tracked, and the product is not listed in the
+package's :guilabel:`Contents`, accessed by going to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Products -->
+Packages`, and selecting the desired package.
+
+.. figure:: type/package-content.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Show Packages page, containing the package contents list.
+
+   A consumable product was placed in the package, but the **Content** section does not list it.
+
+If the *Move Entire Package* feature is enabled, moving a package updates the location of the
+contained storable products. However, the location of consumable products are not updated.
+
+.. _inventory/product_management/report:
+
+Inventory report
+----------------
+
+**Only** storable products appear on the following reports.
+
+The *stock report* is a comprehensive list of all on-hand, unreserved, incoming, and outgoing
+storable products. The report is only available to users with :doc:`administrator access
+<../../../../general/users/access_rights>`, and is found by navigating to :menuselection:`Inventory
+app --> Reporting --> Stock`.
+
+.. image:: type/stock-report.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Show stock reporting list found in Inventory > Reporting > Stock.
+
+The *location report* is a breakdown of each location (internal, external, or virtual) and the
+on-hand and reserved quantity of each storable product. The report is only available with the
+*Storage Location* feature activated (:menuselection:`Inventory app --> Configuration -->
+Settings`), and to users with :doc:`administrator access <../../../../general/users/access_rights>`.
+
+Navigate to the location report by going to :menuselection:`Inventory app --> Reporting -->
+Locations`.
+
+.. image:: type/location-report.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: Show location reporting list found in Inventory > Reporting > Locations.