[ADD] MRP: Manufacturing backorders

closes odoo/documentation#5042

Signed-off-by: John Holton (hojo) <hojo@odoo.com>

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/management.rst

@@ -17,3 +17,4 @@ Manufacturing management
    management/using_work_centers
    management/work_center_time_off
    management/scrap_manufacturing
+   management/manufacturing_backorders

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/management/manufacturing_backorders.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+========================
+Manufacturing backorders
+========================
+
+In some cases, the full quantity of a manufacturing order cannot be produced immediately. When this
+happens, Odoo *Manufacturing* allows for the manufacturing of partial quantities of the order and
+creates a *backorder* for the remaining amount.
+
+In the *Manufacturing* app, creating a backorder splits the original manufacturing order into two
+orders. The reference tag for each order is the tag used for the original order, followed by a
+hyphen and then an additional number to indicate that it's a backorder.
+
+.. example::
+   A company creates a manufacturing order with the reference tag *WH/MO/00175*, for 10 units of
+   *Product X*. After starting work on the manufacturing order, the employee working the production
+   line realizes there are only enough components in stock to produce five units of the product.
+
+   Instead of waiting for additional stock of the components, they manufacture five units and create
+   a backorder for the remaining five. This splits the manufacturing order into two separate orders:
+   *WH/MO/00175-001* and *WH/MO/00175-002*.
+
+   Order *001* contains the five units that have been manufactured, and is immediately marked as
+   :guilabel:`Done`. Order *002* contains the five units that still need to be manufactured and is
+   marked as :guilabel:`In Progress`. Once the remaining components are available, the employee
+   returns to order *002* and manufactures the remaining units before closing the order.
+
+Create a manufacturing backorder
+================================
+
+To create a backorder for part of a manufacturing order, begin by navigating to
+:menuselection:`Manufacturing --> Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`. Select a manufacturing order
+with a quantity of two or more or create one by clicking :guilabel:`Create`.
+
+If a new manufacturing order is created, select a product from the :guilabel:`Product` drop-down
+menu and enter a quantity of two or more in the :guilabel:`Quantity` field, then click
+:guilabel:`Confirm` to confirm the order.
+
+After manufacturing the quantity that is being produced immediately, enter that number in the
+:guilabel:`Quantity` field at the top of the manufacturing order.
+
+.. image:: manufacturing_backorders/quantity-field.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The quantity field on a manufacturing order.
+
+Next, click :guilabel:`Validate`, and a :guilabel:`You produced less than initial demand` pop-up
+window appears, from which a backorder can be created. Click :guilabel:`Create Backorder` to split
+the manufacturing order into two separate orders, with the reference tags *WH/MO/XXXXX-001* and
+*WH/MO/XXXXX-002*.
+
+.. image:: manufacturing_backorders/create-backorder-button.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The Create Backorder button on the "You produced less than initial demand" pop-up window.
+
+Order *001* contains the items that have been manufactured, and is closed immediately. Order *002*
+is the backorder that contains the items that have yet to be manufactured, and remains open, to be
+completed at a later date.
+
+Once the remaining units can be manufactured, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing -->
+Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`, and then select the backorder manufacturing order. If all of
+the remaining units are manufactured immediately, simply click :guilabel:`Validate` to close the
+order.
+
+If only some of the remaining units are manufactured immediately, create another backorder for the
+remainder by following the steps detailed in this section.
+
+Create a backorder from tablet view
+===================================
+
+Backorders for manufacturing orders can also be created from the work order tablet view.
+
+.. note::
+   In order to use tablet view, the *Work Orders* setting must be enabled. To enable it, navigate to
+   :menuselection:`Manufacturing --> Configuration --> Settings`. On the :guilabel:`Settings` page,
+   enable the checkbox next to :guilabel:`Work Orders`, then click :guilabel:`Save` to save the
+   change. This makes the :guilabel:`Work Orders` tab appear on manufacturing orders, from which the
+   tablet view can be opened.
+
+   .. image:: manufacturing_backorders/work-orders-setting.png
+      :align: center
+      :alt: The Work Orders setting on the Manufacturing settings page.
+
+To create a backorder from the tablet view, begin by navigating to :menuselection:`Manufacturing -->
+Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`. Select a manufacturing order with a quantity of two or more or
+create one by clicking :guilabel:`Create`.
+
+If a new manufacturing order is created, select a product from the :guilabel:`Product` drop-down
+menu and enter a quantity of two or more in the :guilabel:`Quantity` field, then click
+:guilabel:`Confirm` to confirm the order.
+
+After confirming the manufacturing order, select the :guilabel:`Work Orders` tab and click the
+:guilabel:`📱 (tablet view)` button located on the line of the first work order to enter the tablet view.
+
+.. image:: manufacturing_backorders/tablet-view-button.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The tablet view button for a work order on a manufacturing order.
+
+Once in tablet view, enter the quantity being manufactured immediately in the :guilabel:`Units`
+field at the top left of the tablet view.
+
+.. image:: manufacturing_backorders/units-field.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The Units field in the tablet view.
+
+The steps for the rest of the workflow depend on whether the manufacturing order being processed
+requires the completion of a single work order or multiple work orders.
+
+Single work order
+-----------------
+
+If the manufacturing order only requires the completion of a single work order, complete the work
+order, then click :guilabel:`Mark As Done And Close MO`. The manufacturing order is closed and a
+backorder for the units that still need to be manufactured is created automatically.
+
+.. image:: manufacturing_backorders/madacmo-button.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The Mark As Done And Close MO button in the tablet view of a work order.
+
+Once the remaining units are ready to be manufactured, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing -->
+Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`, then select the backorder manufacturing order, which is titled
+using the reference tag of the original backorder with *002* added to the end.
+
+On the backorder manufacturing order, select the :guilabel:`Work Orders` tab and click the
+:guilabel:`📱 (tablet view)` button located on the line of the work order to open the tablet view.
+If all of the units in the backorder will be completed immediately, simply click :guilabel:`Mark As
+Done And Close MO` after completing the work order.
+
+If only some of the remaining units will be manufactured immediately, enter the number in the
+:guilabel:`Units` field at the top left of the tablet view, then click :guilabel:`Mark As Done And
+Close MO` to create another backorder for the remaining units. The new backorder can be processed
+using the steps detailed in this section.
+
+Multiple work orders
+--------------------
+
+If the manufacturing order requires the completion of multiple work orders, complete the first work
+order, and then click :guilabel:`Record Production`. This splits the manufacturing order into two
+separate orders, titled *WH/MO/XXXXX-001* and *WH/MO/XXXXX-002*, with *XXXXX* being the number of
+the original order.
+
+.. image:: manufacturing_backorders/record-production-button.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The Record Production button on a work order.
+
+The tablet view defaults to showing the first work order for the *002* manufacturing order. Since
+this manufacturing order will not be completed immediately, back out of tablet view by clicking the
+:guilabel:`⬅️ (back)` button twice. Doing so will take you to the *001* order.
+
+To finish the *001* order, select the :guilabel:`Work Orders` tab and click the :guilabel:`tablet
+view` button located on the line of the next work order. Finally, complete the remaining work
+orders, then click :guilabel:`Mark As Done And Close MO` to close the manufacturing order.
+
+Once the remaining units are ready to be manufactured, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing -->
+Operations --> Manufacturing Orders`, then select the *002* order. Select the :guilabel:`Work
+Orders` tab and click the :guilabel:`tablet view` button located on the line of the first work
+order.
+
+If all of the units in the backorder will be completed immediately, simply click :guilabel:`Mark As
+Done And Close MO` after completing all of the work orders.
+
+If only some of the remaining units will be manufactured immediately, enter the number in the
+:guilabel:`Units` field at the top left of the tablet view, then click :guilabel:`Record Production`
+to create an additional backorder for the remaining units, with *003* at the end of its reference
+tag.
+
+The *002* backorder and *003* backorder can be completed by following the steps detailed in this
+section.
+
+.. tip::
+   It is also possible to create a backorder in the middle of a manufacturing order, when some but
+   not all of the work orders have already been completed. Doing so marks the completed work
+   order(s) as :guilabel:`Finished` on the backorder.
+
+   .. example::
+      A manufacturing order for four chairs requires the completion of two work orders: *Paint* and
+      *Assemble*. While the paint step can be completed immediately for all four chairs, there are
+      only enough screws to assemble two of them.
+
+      As a result, the employee responsible for producing the chairs begins by painting all four,
+      and marking the *Paint* work order as :guilabel:`Finished` for all of them. Then, they move on
+      to the *Assemble* work order. They assemble two of the four chairs, enter that number in the
+      :guilabel:`Units` field of the tablet view, and click :guilabel:`Record Production`.
+
+      A backorder manufacturing order is created for the remaining two chairs. On the backorder, the
+      *Paint* work order is already marked as :guilabel:`Finished`, and only the *Assemble* work
+      order is left to be completed.
+
+      Once more screws are available, the manufacturing employee assembles the remaining chairs and
+      clicks :guilabel:`Mark As Done And Close MO` to complete the *Assemble* work order and close
+      the backorder manufacturing order.