[ADD] Manufacturing: OEE

closes odoo/documentation#10051

Signed-off-by: John Holton (hojo) <hojo@odoo.com>

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/workflows.rst

@@ -16,3 +16,4 @@ Workflows
    workflows/byproducts
    workflows/allocation
    workflows/continuous_improvement
+   workflows/oee

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/manufacturing/workflows/oee.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+===============================
+Overall equipment effectiveness
+===============================
+
+.. |MO| replace:: :abbr:`MO (manufacturing order)`
+.. |OEE| replace:: :abbr:`OEE (overall equipment effectiveness)`
+.. |BoM| replace:: :abbr:`BoM (Bill of Materials)`
+
+In Odoo's *Manufacturing* app, *overall equipment effectiveness* (OEE) represents the amount of time
+a work center is fully productive. |OEE| is displayed as a percentage of the total time a work
+center is active.
+
+Fully productive time is considered to be time when the work center is operational **and**
+processing work orders that have not exceeded their *expected duration*.
+
+|OEE| helps manufacturing teams understand the efficiency of work centers, and the causes of
+manufacturing downtime.
+
+.. important::
+   Since |OEE| tracks work center productivity, using it requires enabling the work centers feature
+   in the settings of the Manufacturing app.
+
+   To do so, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app --> Configuration --> Settings`, and tick
+   the checkbox next to :guilabel:`Work Orders`, under the :guilabel:`Operations` heading. Then,
+   click :guilabel:`Save`.
+
+Efficiency standards
+====================
+
+For |OEE| to accurately reflect the percentage of fully productive time for a work center, the work
+center **must** be properly configured with the correct productivity metrics. These include the work
+center's *time efficiency*, *capacity*, and *OEE target*.
+
+Time efficiency
+---------------
+
+Time efficiency represents the efficiency of a work center when processing work orders, and is
+represented as a percentage. A time efficiency value of 100% signifies that the work center
+processes work orders at the speed of the expected duration, as listed on a product's |BoM|. A value
+less than or greater than 100% signifies that the work center processes work orders slower or faster
+than an operation's expected duration, respectively.
+
+To set the time efficiency for a work center, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app -->
+Configuration --> Work Centers`, and select a work center. On the :guilabel:`General Information`
+tab, enter a numerical value in the :guilabel:`Time Efficiency` field.
+
+.. example::
+   Manufacturing a *chair* product requires two operations: *cut* and *assemble*. The product's
+   |BoM| lists an expected duration of 30 minutes for each operation.
+
+   The cut operation is carried out at the *cut station* work center, which has a time efficiency
+   value of 50%. This means it takes twice as long to complete the operation, for a total time of
+   one hour.
+
+   The assemble operation is carried out at the *assembly line* work center, which has a time
+   efficiency value of 200%. This means it takes half as long to complete the operation, for a total
+   time of 15 minutes.
+
+Capacity
+--------
+
+Capacity represents how many units of a product can be produced in parallel at a work center. The
+duration of work orders for multiple units increases or decreases, based on how many units the work
+center can handle.
+
+To set the capacity for a work center, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app -->
+Configuration --> Work Centers`, and select a work center. On the :guilabel:`General Information`
+tab, enter a numerical value in the :guilabel:`Capacity` field.
+
+.. example::
+   A *drill station* work center has a capacity of one unit. An |MO| is confirmed for 10 units of a
+   *chair*, a product manufactured using the drill station.
+
+   Since there are ten times as many units to produce than the work center can handle at once, the
+   operation time is ten times the duration listed on the product's |BoM|.
+
+|OEE| target
+------------
+
+The |OEE| target is the goal for how much of a work center's operating time should be fully
+productive time. It is displayed as a percentage, and should only be set as high as `100%`.
+
+To set the |OEE| target for a work center, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app -->
+Configuration --> Settings --> Work Centers`, and select a work center. On the :guilabel:`General
+Information` tab, enter a numerical value of `100.00` or less in the :guilabel:`OEE Target` field.
+
+Calculating |OEE|
+=================
+
+|OEE| is represented as a percentage value between zero and 100. The value signifies the amount of
+time that a work center was fully productive. The remainder signifies the amount of time that the
+work center was operating at less than full efficiency. This can occur for a number of reasons,
+including *reduced speed*, *material availability*, and *equipment failure*.
+
+Fully productive time
+---------------------
+
+For a work center to be considered fully productive, it must be able to receive work orders, have
+the components necessary to process work orders, and be operating within the expected duration of
+the work order it is processing.
+
+.. example::
+   An *assembly line* work center is not blocked, and receives a work order to assemble a *bicycle*.
+   The required components are available, so production begins as soon as they are picked and
+   delivered to the work center. The work order has an expected duration of 30 minutes, and is
+   completed in 27 minutes. All of this time is considered fully productive time.
+
+Reduced speed
+-------------
+
+When a work center is operating at reduced speed, it means that it is processing a work order that
+has exceeded its expected duration. While the work center may be operational, this is not considered
+fully productive time.
+
+.. example::
+   A *cutting station* work center receives a work order to cut boards for a *table*. The expected
+   duration of the work order is 15 minutes. The work order ends up taking 18 minutes to complete.
+   The work center is considered to have been operating at reduced speed during the three minutes
+   that exceeded the expected duration.
+
+Material availability
+---------------------
+
+Material availability refers to situations where a work center is able to accept a work order, but
+the required components are not available. This can occur because the components are not in stock,
+or are reserved for a different order.
+
+.. example::
+   Manufacturing of a *bench* requires 20 units of *wood*. A manufacturing order (MO) is confirmed
+   for 10 units of the bench, but there is not enough wood in stock to begin manufacturing. The time
+   it takes to acquire the wood is recorded as material availability downtime.
+
+Equipment failure
+-----------------
+
+Equipment failure signifies any period of time when a work center is unusable due to maintenance
+issues with its equipment. This can be due to equipment breaking down, or when a work center is shut
+down for scheduled maintenance. In these cases, a work center can be blocked using a
+:doc:`maintenance request <../../maintenance/maintenance_requests>`.
+
+.. example::
+   The drill at a *drill station* work center breaks down, causing the work center to be unusable. A
+   maintenance request is created to fix the drill, and the work center is blocked from receiving
+   work orders. It takes two hours to fix the drill, and make the work center available again. This
+   two-hour period is recorded as equipment failure downtime.
+
+|OEE| reporting
+===============
+
+To view |OEE| reporting metrics for every work center, navigate to :menuselection:`Manufacturing app
+--> Reporting --> Overall Equipment Effectiveness`. This page shows the metrics for each work center
+with |OEE| data.
+
+Alternatively, to see |OEE| reporting metrics for a single work center, navigate to
+:menuselection:`Manufacturing app --> Configuration --> Work Centers`, and select a work center. At
+the top of the work center's form, click the :icon:`fa-pie-chart` :guilabel:`OEE` smart button.
+
+By default, the main |OEE| reporting page shows data in a bar chart, while the page for a specific
+work center shows it in a pie chart. To select a different chart type on either page, click the
+:icon:`fa-bar-chart` :guilabel:`(bar chart)`, :icon:`fa-line-chart` :guilabel:`(line chart)`, or
+:icon:`fa-pie-chart` :guilabel:`(pie chart)` button above the displayed chart.
+
+It is also possible to see |OEE| data in a pivot view, or a list displaying each time entry, by
+clicking the :icon:`oi-view-pivot` :guilabel:`(pivot view)` or :icon:`oi-view-list` :guilabel:`(list
+view)` buttons at the top-right corner of the page.
+
+.. image:: oee/oee-report.png
+   :align: center
+   :alt: The dashboard of the OEE report.