[IMP] accounting: Adapt 'Cash Discounts' page to 12.0

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Yannick Tivisse 2018-05-09 17:21:35 +02:00
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============================
How to setup cash discounts?
============================
====================
Offer cash discounts
====================
Cash discounts are an incentive (usually a small percentage) that you
offer to customers in return for paying a bill owed before the scheduled
due date. If used properly, cash discounts improve the Days Sales
Outstanding aspect of a business's cash conversion cycle.
Cash discounts are incentives you can offer to customers to motivate
them to pay within a specific time frame. For instance, you offer a 2%
discount if the customer pays you within the first 5 days of the
invoice, when it is due in 30 days. This approach can greatly improve
your average collection period.
For example, a typical cash discount would be: you offer a 2% discount
on an invoice due in 30 days if the customer were to pay within the
first 5 days of receiving the invoice.
Set up a cash discount
======================
Configuration
=============
To set up a cash discount, go to :menuselection:`Accounting -->
Configuration --> Management --> Payment Terms` and click on
*Create*. Add a *Percent* type of term with a corresponding value
(e.g. 98% of the total price for a 2% discount) and the number of days
during which the offer is valid. You can also change the default balance
term if needed.
Payment terms
-------------
.. image:: media/cash_discounts01.png
:align: center
In order to manage cash discounts, we will use the payment terms
concept of Odoo (From the Accounting module, go to :menuselection:`Configuration -->
Management --> Payment terms --> Create`).
Start offering the cash discount
================================
Let's start with the above example: a 2% discount on an invoice due in
30 days if the customer were to pay within the first 5 days.
Now, you can create a customer invoice and select the cash discount
payment term you added. Once the invoice is validated, Odoo will
automatically split the account receivables part of the journal entry
into two installments having different due dates. Since the discounted
price is already calculated, your payment controls will be simplified.
A typical payment term of 30 days would have only one installment:
balance in 30 days. But, in order to configure the cash discount, you
can configure the payment term with two installments:
.. image:: media/cash_discounts02.png
:align: center
- 98% within 5 days
- balance within 30 days
Grant the cash discount
=======================
.. image:: ./media/discount01.png
:align: center
The customer fulfilled the payment terms and therefore benefits from the
cash discount. When you process the bank statement, match the payment
with the related journal entry. Then, select the remaining cash discount
and click on *Create Write-off* to reconcile it.
To make it clear that it's not a payment term but a cash discount, don't
forget to set a clear description that will appear on the invoice:
Invoice is due within 30 days, but you can benefit from a 2% cash
discount if you pay within 5 days.
Bank reconciliation model
-------------------------
In order to speed up the bank reconciliation process, we can create a
model of entry for all cash discounts. To do that, from the Accounting
application dashboard, click on the "More" link on the bank and choose
the option "Reconciliation Models".
.. image:: ./media/discount02.png
:align: center
Create a new model for cash discounts as follow:
- **Button Label**: Cash Discount
- **Account**: Cash Discount (according to your country)
- **Amount Type**: Percentage
- **Amount**: 100%
- **Taxes**: depending on your country, you may put a tax on the cash
discount if taxes have to be deduced
.. image:: ./media/discount03.png
:align: center
.. image:: media/cash_discounts03.png
:align: center
.. tip::
Even if it's a 2% cash discount, set a 100% amount on the reconciliation model
as it means 100% of the remaining balance (the 2%). You can use the same
reconciliation model for all your cash discount. No need to create a model
per payment term.
You can also create a dedicated reconciliation model to make
the process easier. In this case, you should add a tax to the model
based on the taxes applied to your invoices. This means that if you
handle multiple tax rates, you need to create several reconciliation
models. Note that depending on your localisation, you might already have
a Cash Discount model available by default.
Creating an invoice with a cash discount
========================================
Register the full payment
=========================
When you create a customer invoice, set the right payment term "30 days,
2% cash discount" right after having selected the customer.
In this case, the customer has not fulfilled the payment term and cannot
benefit from the cash discount. When you process the bank statement,
match the payment with the two related journal entries.
.. image:: ./media/discount04.png
:align: center
.. image:: media/cash_discounts04.png
:align: center
Once the invoice is validated, Odoo will automatically split the account
receivable part of the journal entry with two installments having a
different due date: 98% within 5 days, 2% within 30 days.
.. image:: ./media/discount05.png
:align: center
Payment
=======
Paying the invoice with a cash discount
---------------------------------------
If the customer pays with a cash discount, when processing the bank
statement, you will match the payment (98%) with the related line in the
journal entry.
.. image:: ./media/discount06.png
:align: center
As you can see in the above screenshot, when selecting the customer, you
also see the 2% remaining of 3$. If you want to accept the cash discount
(if the customer paid within the 5 days), you can click on this line
with 2%, click on "Open Balance", and select your "Cash Discount"
reconciliation model. That way, the invoice is marked as fully paid.
.. note::
from now on, matching the remaining 2% has to be done manually. In the future,
we plan to automate the reconciliation of the 2% if the 98% are paid on time.
Paying the invoice in full
--------------------------
If the customer pays the invoice fully, without benefiting from the cash
discount, you will reconcile the payment (in full) with the two lines
from the invoice (98% and 2%). Just click on the two lines to match them
with the payment.
.. image:: ./media/discount07.png
:align: center
.. seealso::
* :doc:`overview`
* :doc:`../../receivables/customer_invoices/payment_terms`
* :doc:`../../bank/reconciliation/configure`

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