108 lines
3.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
108 lines
3.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
===========================
|
|
Manufacturing Terminologies
|
|
===========================
|
|
|
|
.. glossary::
|
|
|
|
Bill of Materials
|
|
|
|
A bill of materials (BoM) is a document that describes the materials,
|
|
the quantity of each material, and the steps required to manufacture a
|
|
product. Depending on the industry and the nature of the finished
|
|
product, a different name may be used to describe the same document. For
|
|
example, in the pharmaceutical industry, the term “recipe” may be used.
|
|
|
|
Cycle
|
|
|
|
A production cycle is a frame of time during which an entire
|
|
manufacturing process can be fulfilled.
|
|
|
|
Downtime or Leave
|
|
|
|
Time during which a resource is unavailable. If the resource is a
|
|
machine, the unavailability is downtime, while if the resource is human,
|
|
unavailable time is called a Leave.
|
|
|
|
Finished products
|
|
|
|
Finished products are the final output of a manufacturing process. They
|
|
are normally not intended to be used as input into another manufacturing
|
|
order of the company.
|
|
|
|
Kit
|
|
|
|
A kit is a set of components that are described by a bill of materials,
|
|
but which are delivered separately rather than assembled or mixed.
|
|
|
|
Multi-level Bill of Materials
|
|
|
|
A bill of material can quickly grow very complex. To keep it manageable,
|
|
it can be broken down into several smaller manufactured parts, each
|
|
having its own BOM. These parts are typically referred to as
|
|
sub-assembly of intermediate products.
|
|
|
|
Defining a BOM in multiple levels reduces the complexity of the
|
|
top-level document and allows components to be reused in other BoMs.
|
|
|
|
Phantom Bill of Material
|
|
|
|
A phantom bill of material is always used in the context of multi-level
|
|
BOMs. It allows to add a sub-assembly as part of a bigger end-product
|
|
while avoiding to trigger a separate manufacturing order for the
|
|
sub-assembly.
|
|
|
|
As such, when a manufacturing order for the final product is launched,
|
|
the components of the sub-assembly are reflected in the parent BOM as if
|
|
they were direct components of the parent BOM.
|
|
|
|
Phantom BOM are thus used for grouping a set of components with the aim
|
|
of reusing them in many other BOM without the need to launch separate
|
|
manufacturing orders for the sub-assemblies.
|
|
|
|
Raw Materials
|
|
|
|
Raw materials and components constitute the input that are transformed
|
|
to produce semi-finished or finished goods.
|
|
|
|
The transformation here can take many aspects according to the industry.
|
|
It can be simple assembly, welding, mixing, etc.
|
|
|
|
Routing
|
|
|
|
A routing is a document that describes a series of Work Orders and the
|
|
Work Centers at which they will be carried out
|
|
|
|
Semi-finished products and sub-assemblies
|
|
|
|
These are products which are manufactured with the purpose to be
|
|
consumed in another manufacturing order.
|
|
|
|
Work Order Operations
|
|
|
|
Work Order Operations specify the set of activities necessary to fully
|
|
process a manufacturing order. Each activity or operation takes some
|
|
time to be completed and is performed into a determined production unit
|
|
(also called work center).
|
|
|
|
Work Order
|
|
|
|
A work order is a single manufacturing operation that is scheduled for
|
|
execution on a given date and a given duration.
|
|
|
|
Work Center
|
|
|
|
Work centers identify production units and their resources. They are
|
|
used to represent the plant capacity as well as costing information. The
|
|
capacity is a combination of resources and their availability time.
|
|
|
|
Resources
|
|
|
|
In manufacturing a resource can be a human being (employee) or machine
|
|
available in a work center.
|
|
|
|
Working Time
|
|
|
|
Each resource has its normal working time. For instance, machines can be
|
|
set up to operate 7 days a week 20 hours out of 24.
|
|
|