[ADD] Website: How is SEO handled in Odoo?
https://docs.google.com/document/d/14w8FaItEQ8d1zuIj3H17Mx4M_PYUQNJel6Z-aPBEMn4/edit# Also, modify Getting Started page to jump directly on it from the index
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Yannick Tivisse
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@ -14,4 +14,5 @@ Applications
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inventory
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point_of_sale
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project
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getting_started
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getting_started/documentation
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website/seo
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@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
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:banner: banners/getting_started.jpg
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===========
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Odoo Online
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===========
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.. toctree::
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:titlesonly:
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getting_started/documentation
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@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
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================================
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Getting Started with Odoo Online
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================================
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:banner: banners/getting_started.jpg
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===========
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Odoo Online
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===========
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This document summarizes **Odoo's Online services**, our Success Pack
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**implementation methodology**, and *best practices* to **get started**
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website/seo.rst
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:banner: banners/getting_started.jpg
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=======
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Website
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=======
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How is SEO handled in Odoo?
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===========================
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Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is a set of good practices to optimize
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your website so that you get a better ranking in search engines like
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Google. In short, a good SEO allows you to get more visitors.
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Some examples of SEO rules: your web pages should load faster, your page
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should have one and only one title ``<h1>``, your website should have a
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``/sitemap.xml`` file, etc.
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The Odoo Website Builder is probably the most SEO-ready CMS out there.
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We consider SEO a top priority. To guarantee Odoo Website and Odoo
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eCommerce users have a great SEO, Odoo abstracts all the technical
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complexities of SEO and handles everything for you, in the best possible
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way.
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Page speed
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==========
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Introduction
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------------
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The time to load a page is an important criteria for Google. A faster
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website not only improves your visitor's experience, but Google gives
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you a better page ranking if your page loads faster than your
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competitors. Some studies have shown that, if you divide the time to
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load your pages by two (e.g. 2 seconds instead of 4 seconds), the
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visitor abandonment rate is also divided by two. (25% to 12.5%). One
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extra second to load a page could `cost $1.6b to Amazon in
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sales <http://www.fastcompany.com/1825005/how-one-second-could-cost-amazon-16-billion-sales>`__.
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.. image:: media/seo01.png
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:align: center
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Fortunately, Odoo does all the magic for you. Below, you will find the
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tricks Odoo uses to speed up your page loading time. You can compare how
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your website ranks using these two tools:
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- `Google Page Speed <https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/>`__
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- `Pingdom Website Speed Test <http://tools.pingdom.com/fpt/>`__
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Static resources: CSS
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---------------------
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All CSS files are pre-processed, concatenated, minified, compressed and
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cached (server side and browser side). The result:
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- only one CSS file request is needed to load a page
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- this CSS file is shared and cached amongst pages, so that when the
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visitor clicks on another page, the browser doesn't have to even
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load a single CSS resource.
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- this CSS file is optimized to be small
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**Pre-processed:** The CSS framework used by Odoo 9 is bootstrap 3.
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Although a theme might use another framework, most of `Odoo
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themes <https://www.odoo.com/apps/themes>`__ extend and customize
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bootstrap directly. Since Odoo supports Less and Sass, so you can modify
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CSS rules, instead of overwriting them through extra CSS lines,
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resulting in a smaller file.
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================================= =============================================
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**Both files in the <head>** **What the visitor gets (only one file)**
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================================= =============================================
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/\* From bootstrap.css \*/ .text-muted {
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.text-muted { color: #666;
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color: #777; background: yellow
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background: yellow; }
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}
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/\* From my-theme.css \*/
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.text-muted {
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color: #666;
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}
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================================= =============================================
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**Concatenated:** every module or library you might use in Odoo has its
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own set of CSS, Less or Sass files (eCommerce, blog, theme, etc.) Having
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several CSS files is great for the modularity, but not good for the
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performance because most browsers can only perform 6 requests in
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parallel resulting in lots of files that are loaded in series. The
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latency time to transfer a file is usually much longer than the actual
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data transfer time, for small files like .JS and .CSS. Thus, the time to
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load CSS resources depends more on the number of requests to be done
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than the actual file size.
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To address this issue, all CSS / Less / Sass files are concatenated into
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a single .CSS file to send to the browser. So a visitor has **only one
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.CSS file to load** per page, which is particularly efficient. As the
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CSS is shared amongst all pages, when the visitor clicks on another
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page, the browser does not even have to load a new CSS file!
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The CSS sent by Odoo includes all CSS / Less / Sass of all pages /
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modules. By doing this, additional page views from the same visitor will
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not have to load CSS files at all. But some modules might include huge
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CSS/Javascript resources that you do not want to prefetch at the first
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page because they are too big. In this case, Odoo splits this resource
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into a second bundle that is loaded only when the page using it is
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requested. An example of this is the backend that is only loaded when
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the visitor logs in and accesses the backend (/web).
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.. note::
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If the CSS file is very big, Odoo will split it into two smaller
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files to avoid the 4095 selectors limit per sheet of Internet Explorer
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8. But most themes fit below this limit.
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**Minified:** After being pre-processed and concatenated, the resulting
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CSS is minified to reduce its size.
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============================ ==============================
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**Before minification** **After minification**
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============================ ==============================
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/\* some comments \*/ .text-muted {color: #666}
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.text-muted {
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color: #666;
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}
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============================ ==============================
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The final result is then compressed, before being delivered to the
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browser.
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Then, a cached version is stored on the server side (so we do not have
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to pre-process, concatenate, minify at every request) and the browser
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side (so the same visitor will load the CSS only once for all pages he
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will visit).
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.. note::
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If you are in debug mode, the CSS resources are neither
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concatenated nor minified. That way, it's easier to debug (but it's much
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slower)
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Static resources: Javascript
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----------------------------
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As with CSS resources, Javascript resources are also concatenated,
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minified, compressed and cached (server side and browser side).
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Odoo creates three Javascript bundles:
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- One for all pages of the website (including code for parallax
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effects, form validation, …)
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- One for common Javascript code shared among frontend and backend
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(bootstrap)
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- One for backend specific Javascript code (Odoo Web Client interface
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for your employees using Odoo)
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Most visitors to your website will only need the first two bundles,
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resulting in a maximum of two Javascript files to load to render one
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page. As these files are shared across all pages, further clicks by the
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same visitor will not load any other Javascript resource.
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.. note::
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If you work in debug mode, the CSS and javascript are neither
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concatenated, nor minified. Thus, it's much slower. But it allows you to
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easily debug with the Chrome debugger as CSS and Javascript resources
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are not transformed from their original versions.
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Images
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------
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When you upload new images using the website builder, Odoo automatically
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compresses them to reduce their sizes. (lossless compression for .PNG
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and .GIF and lossy compression for .JPG)
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From the upload button, you have the option to keep the original image
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unmodified if you prefer to optimize the quality of the image rather
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than performance.
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.. image:: media/seo02.png
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:align: center
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.. note::
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Odoo compresses images when they are uploaded to your website, not
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when requested by the visitor. Thus, it's possible that, if you use a
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third-party theme, it will provide images that are not compressed
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efficiently. But all images used in Odoo official themes have been
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compressed by default.
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When you click on an image, Odoo shows you the Alt and title attributes
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of the ``<img>`` tag. You can click on it to set your own title and Alt
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attributes for the image.
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.. image:: media/seo03.png
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:align: center
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When you click on this link, the following window will appear:
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.. image:: media/seo04.png
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:align: center
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Odoo's pictograms are implemented using a font (`Font
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Awesome <https://fortawesome.github.io/Font-Awesome/icons/>`__ in most
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Odoo themes). Thus, you can use as many pictograms as you want in your
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page, they will not result in extra requests to load the page.
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.. image:: media/seo05.png
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:align: center
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CDN
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---
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If you activate the CDN feature in Odoo, static resources (Javascript,
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CSS, images) are loaded from a Content Delivery Network. Using a Content
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Delivery Network has three advantages:
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- Load resources from a nearby server (most CDN have servers in main
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countries around the globe)
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- Cache resources efficiently (no computation resources usage on your
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own server)
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- Split the resource loading on different services allowing to load
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more resources in parallel (since the Chrome limit of 6 parallel
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requests is by domain)
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You can configure your CDN options from the **Website Admin** app, using
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the Configuration menu. Here is an example of configuration you can use:
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.. image:: media/seo06.png
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:align: center
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HTML Pages
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----------
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Odoo allows to minify HTML pages, from the **Website Admin** app, using
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the :menuselection:`Configuration` menu. This will automatically remove extra space and
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tabs in your HTML code, reduce some tags code, etc.
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.. image:: media/seo07.png
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:align: center
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On top of that, the HTML pages can be compressed, but this is usually
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handled by your web server (NGINX or Apache).
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The Odoo Website builder has been optimized to guarantee clean and short
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HTML code. Building blocks have been developed to produce clean HTML
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code, usually using bootstrap and the HTML editor.
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As an example, if you use the color picker to change the color of a
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paragraph to the primary color of your website, Odoo will produce the
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following code:
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``<p class="text-primary">My Text</p>``
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Whereas most HTML editors (such as CKEditor) will produce the following
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code:
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``<p style="color: #AB0201">My Text</p>``
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Responsive Design
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-----------------
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As of 2015, websites that are not mobile-friendly are negatively
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impacted in Google Page ranking. All Odoo themes rely on Bootstrap 3 to
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render efficiently according to the device: desktop, tablet or mobile
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phone.
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.. image:: media/seo08.png
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:align: center
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As all Odoo modules share the same technology, absolutely all pages in
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your website are mobile friendly. (as opposed to traditional CMS which
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have mobile friendly themes, but some specific modules or pages are not
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designed to be mobile friendly as they all have their own CSS
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frameworks)
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Browser caching
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---------------
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Javascript, images and CSS resources have an URL that changes
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dynamically when their content change. As an example, all CSS files are
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loaded through this URL:
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`http://localhost:8069/web/content/457-0da1d9d/web.assets\_common.0.css <http://localhost:8069/web/content/457-0da1d9d/web.assets_common.0.css>`__.
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The ``457-0da1d9d`` part of this URL will change if you modify the CSS of
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your website.
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This allows Odoo to set a very long cache delay (XXX) on these
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resources: XXX secs, while being updated instantly if you update the
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resource.
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.. todo::
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Describe how the cache strategy works for other resources...
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Scalability
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-----------
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In addition to being fast, Odoo is also more scalable than traditional
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CMS' and eCommerce (Drupal, Wordpress, Magento, Prestashop). The
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following link provides an analysis of the major open source CMS and
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eCommerce compared to Odoo when it comes to high query volumes.
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- `*https://www.odoo.com/slides/slide/197* <https://www.odoo.com/slides/slide/odoo-cms-performance-comparison-and-optimisation-197>`__
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Here is the slide that summarizes the scalability of Odoo eCommerce and
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Odoo CMS. (based on Odoo version 8, Odoo 9 is even faster)
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.. image:: media/seo09.png
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:align: center
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URLs handling
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=============
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URLs Structure
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--------------
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A typical Odoo URL will look like this:
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https://www.mysite.com/fr\_FR/shop/product/my-great-product-31
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With the following components:
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- **https://** = Protocol
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- **www.mysite.com** = your domain name
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- **/fr\_FR** = the language of the page. This part of the URL is
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removed if the visitor browses the main language of the website
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(english by default, but you can set another language as the main
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one). Thus, the English version of this page is:
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https://www.mysite.com/shop/product/my-great-product-31
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- **/shop/product** = every module defines its own namespace (/shop is
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for the catalog of the eCommerce module, /shop/product is for a
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product page). This name can not be customized to avoid conflicts
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in different URLs.
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- **my-great-product** = by default, this is the slugified title of the
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product this page refers to. But you can customize it for SEO
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purposes. A product named “Pain carré” will be slugified to
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"pain-carre". Depending on the namespace, this could be different
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objects (blog post, page title, forum post, forum comment,
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product category, etc)
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- **-31** = the unique ID of the product
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Note that any dynamic component of an URL can be reduced to its ID. As
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an example, the following URLs all do a 301 redirect to the above URL:
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- https://www.mysite.com/fr\_FR/shop/product/31 (short version)
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- http://mysite.com/fr\_FR/shop/product/31 (even shorter version)
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- http://mysite.com/fr\_FR/shop/product/other-product-name-31 (old
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product name)
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This could be useful to easily get shorter version of an URL and handle
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efficiently 301 redirects when the name of your product changes over
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time.
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Some URLs have several dynamic parts, like this one (a blog category and
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a post):
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- https://www.odoo.com/blog/company-news-5/post/the-odoo-story-56
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In the above example:
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- Company News: is the title of the blog
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- The Odoo Story: is the title of a specific blog post
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When an Odoo page has a pager, the page number is set directly in the
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URL (does not have a GET argument). This allows every page to be indexed
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by search engines. Example:
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- https://www.odoo.com/blog/page/3
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.. note::
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Having the language code as fr\_FR is not perfect in terms of SEO.
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Although most search engines treat now “\_” as a word separator, it has
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not always been the case. We plan to improve that for Odoo 10.
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Changes in URLs & Titles
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------------------------
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When the URL of a page changes (e.g. a more SEO friendly version of your
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product name), you don't have to worry about updating all links:
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- Odoo will automatically update all its links to the new URL
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- If external websites still points to the old URL, a 301 redirect will
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be done to route visitors to the new website
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As an example, this URL:
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- http://mysite.com/shop/product/old-product-name-31
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Will automatically redirect to :
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- http://mysite.com/shop/product/new-and-better-product-name-31
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In short, just change the title of a blog post or the name of a product,
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and the changes will apply automatically everywhere in your website. The
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old link still works for links coming from external website. (with a 301
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redirect to not lose the SEO link juice)
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HTTPS
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-----
|
||||
|
||||
As of August 2014, Google started to add a ranking boost to secure
|
||||
HTTPS/SSL websites. So, by default all Odoo Online instances are fully
|
||||
based on HTTPS. If the visitor accesses your website through a non HTTPS
|
||||
url, it gets a 301 redirect to its HTTPS equivalent.
|
||||
|
||||
Links: nofollow strategy
|
||||
------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Having website that links to your own page plays an important role on
|
||||
how your page ranks in the different search engines. The more your page
|
||||
is linked from external and quality websites, the better is it for your
|
||||
SEO.
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo follows the following strategies to manage links:
|
||||
|
||||
- Every link you create manually when creating page in Odoo is
|
||||
"dofollow", which means that this link will contribute to the SEO
|
||||
Juice for the linked page.
|
||||
|
||||
- Every link created by a contributor (forum post, blog comment, ...)
|
||||
that links to your own website is "dofollow" too.
|
||||
|
||||
- But every link posted by a contributor that links to an external
|
||||
website is "nofollow". In that way, you do not run the risk of
|
||||
people posting links on your website to third-party websites
|
||||
which have a bad reputation.
|
||||
|
||||
- Note that, when using the forum, contributors having a lot of Karma
|
||||
can be trusted. In such case, their links will not have a
|
||||
``rel="nofollow"`` attribute.
|
||||
|
||||
Multi-language support
|
||||
======================
|
||||
|
||||
Multi-language URLs
|
||||
-------------------
|
||||
|
||||
If you run a website in multiple languages, the same content will be
|
||||
available in different URLs, depending on the language used:
|
||||
|
||||
- https://www.mywebsite.com/shop/product/my-product-1 (English version = default)
|
||||
|
||||
- https://www.mywebsite.com\/fr\_FR/shop/product/mon-produit-1 (French version)
|
||||
|
||||
In this example, fr\_FR is the language of the page. You can even have
|
||||
several variations of the same language: pt\_BR (Portuguese from Brazil)
|
||||
, pt\_PT (Portuguese from Portugal).
|
||||
|
||||
Language annotation
|
||||
-------------------
|
||||
|
||||
To tell Google that the second URL is the French translation of the
|
||||
first URL, Odoo will add an HTML link element in the header. In the HTML
|
||||
<head> section of the English version, Odoo automatically adds a link
|
||||
element pointing to the other versions of that webpage;
|
||||
|
||||
- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr"
|
||||
href="https://www.mywebsite.com\/fr\_FR/shop/product/mon-produit-1"/>
|
||||
|
||||
With this approach:
|
||||
|
||||
- Google knows the different translated versions of your page and will
|
||||
propose the right one according to the language of the visitor
|
||||
searching on Google
|
||||
|
||||
- You do not get penalized by Google if your page is not translated
|
||||
yet, since it is not a duplicated content, but a different
|
||||
version of the same content.
|
||||
|
||||
Language detection
|
||||
------------------
|
||||
|
||||
When a visitor lands for the first time at your website (e.g.
|
||||
yourwebsite.com/shop), his may automatically be redirected to a
|
||||
translated version according to his browser language preference: (e.g.
|
||||
yourwebsite.com/fr\_FR/shop).
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo redirects visitors to their prefered language only the first time
|
||||
visitors land at your website. After that, it keeps a cookie of the
|
||||
current language to avoid any redirection.
|
||||
|
||||
To force a visitor to stick to the default language, you can use the
|
||||
code of the default language in your link, example:
|
||||
yourwebsite.com/en\_US/shop. This will always land visitors to the
|
||||
English version of the page, without using the browser language
|
||||
preferences.
|
||||
|
||||
Meta Tags
|
||||
=========
|
||||
|
||||
Titles, Keywords and Description
|
||||
--------------------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Every web page should define the ``<title>``, ``<description>`` and ``<keywords>``
|
||||
meta data. These information elements are used by search engines to rank
|
||||
and categorize your website according to a specific search query. So, it
|
||||
is important to have titles and keywords in line with what people search
|
||||
in Google.
|
||||
|
||||
In order to write quality meta tags, that will boost traffic to your
|
||||
website, Odoo provides a **Promote** tool, in the top bar of the website
|
||||
builder. This tool will contact Google to give you information about
|
||||
your keywords and do the matching with titles and contents in your page.
|
||||
|
||||
.. image:: media/seo10.png
|
||||
:align: center
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
If your website is in multiple languages, you can use the Promote
|
||||
tool for every language of a single page;
|
||||
|
||||
In terms of SEO, content is king. Thus, blogs play an important role in
|
||||
your content strategy. In order to help you optimize all your blog post,
|
||||
Odoo provides a page that allows you to quickly scan the meta tags of
|
||||
all your blog posts.
|
||||
|
||||
.. image:: media/seo11.png
|
||||
:align: center
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
This /blog page renders differently for public visitors that are
|
||||
not logged in as website administrator. They do not get the warnings and
|
||||
keyword information.
|
||||
|
||||
Sitemap
|
||||
-------
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo will generate a ``/sitemap.xml`` file automatically for you. For
|
||||
performance reasons, this file is cached and updated every 12 hours.
|
||||
|
||||
By default, all URLs will be in a single ``/sitemap.xml`` file, but if you
|
||||
have a lot of pages, Odoo will automatically create a Sitemap Index
|
||||
file, respecting the `sitemaps.org
|
||||
protocol <http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html>`__ grouping sitemap
|
||||
URL's in 45000 chunks per file.
|
||||
|
||||
Every sitemap entry has 4 attributes that are computed automatically:
|
||||
|
||||
- ``<loc>`` : the URL of a page
|
||||
|
||||
- ``<lastmod>`` : last modification date of the resource, computed
|
||||
automatically based on related object. For a page related to a
|
||||
product, this could be the last modification date of the product
|
||||
or the page
|
||||
|
||||
- ``<priority>`` : modules may implement their own priority algorithm based
|
||||
on their content (example: a forum might assign a priority based
|
||||
on the number of votes on a specific post). The priority of a
|
||||
static page is defined by it's priority field, which is
|
||||
normalized. (16 is the default)
|
||||
|
||||
Structured Data Markup
|
||||
----------------------
|
||||
|
||||
Structured Data Markup is used to generate Rich Snippets in search
|
||||
engine results. It is a way for website owners to send structured data
|
||||
to search engine robots; helping them to understand your content and
|
||||
create well-presented search results.
|
||||
|
||||
Google supports a number of rich snippets for content types, including:
|
||||
Reviews, People, Products, Businesses, Events and Organizations.
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo implements micro data as defined in the
|
||||
`schema.org <http://schema.org>`__ specification for events, eCommerce
|
||||
products, forum posts and contact addresses. This allows your product
|
||||
pages to be displayed in Google using extra information like the price
|
||||
and rating of a product:
|
||||
|
||||
.. image:: media/seo12.png
|
||||
:align: center
|
||||
|
||||
robots.txt
|
||||
----------
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo automatically creates a ``/robots.txt`` file for your website. Its
|
||||
content is:
|
||||
|
||||
User-agent: \*
|
||||
|
||||
Sitemap: https://www.odoo.com/sitemap.xml
|
||||
|
||||
Content is king
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
When it comes to SEO, content is usually king. Odoo provides several
|
||||
modules to help you build your contents on your website:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Odoo Slides**: publish all your Powerpoint or PDF presentations.
|
||||
Their content is automatically indexed on the web page. Example:
|
||||
`https://www.odoo.com/slides/public-channel-1 <https://www.odoo.com/slides/public-channel-1>`__
|
||||
|
||||
- **Odoo Forum**: let your community create contents for you. Example:
|
||||
`https://odoo.com/forum/1 <https://odoo.com/forum/1>`__
|
||||
(accounts for 30% of Odoo.com landing pages)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Odoo Mailing List Archive**: publish mailing list archives on your
|
||||
website. Example:
|
||||
`https://www.odoo.com/groups/community-59 <https://www.odoo.com/groups/community-59>`__
|
||||
(1000 pages created per month)
|
||||
|
||||
- **Odoo Blogs**: write great contents.
|
||||
|
||||
.. note::
|
||||
The 404 page is a regular page, that you can edit like any other
|
||||
page in Odoo. That way, you can build a great 404 page to redirect to
|
||||
the top content of your website.
|
||||
|
||||
Social Features
|
||||
===============
|
||||
|
||||
Twitter Cards
|
||||
-------------
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo does not implement twitter cards yet. It will be done for the next
|
||||
version.
|
||||
|
||||
Social Network
|
||||
--------------
|
||||
|
||||
Odoo allows to link all your social network accounts in your website.
|
||||
All you have to do is to refer all your accounts in the **Settings** menu of
|
||||
the **Website Admin** application.
|
||||
|
||||
Test Your Website
|
||||
=================
|
||||
|
||||
You can compare how your website rank, in terms of SEO, against Odoo
|
||||
using WooRank free services:
|
||||
`https://www.woorank.com <https://www.woorank.com>`__
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue
Block a user