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NextZen-Doc/Instructions for use by features/NextNAS - Hard Drive Management.md
KaySar12 0ebf6745c7 init
2025-01-21 18:05:13 +07:00

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Introduction to the ADMIN interface and instructions for initializing hard drives using NextNAS:

NextNAS is an abbreviation for Network-attached storage which is a file-level computer data storage server connected to computer network that provides data access to a heterogeneous group of customers. NextNAS specializes in serving files by hardware, software or configuration.

a.Admin interface:

- Used for administrators to manage files, install, add, edit, delete applications. When accessing the device for the first time, you cannot access ADMIN.

- To access ADMIN, you need to initialize the storage hard drive to store the application by accessing the NextNAS.

b.Instructions for accessing NextNAS:

At the main interface, click on the NextNAS icon:

!Pasted image 20240315164235.png

After accessing the NextNAS, you will see the login interface, you need to log in to the NextNAS

!Pasted image 20240503162403.png

After successfully logging in, you will go to the main interface of NextNAS:

!Pasted image 20240315164522.png

Here, we can see some information such as:

  • Hard drive information:

!Pasted image 20240315164543.png

  • System partition:

!Pasted image 20240315164601.png

  • Memory storage:

!Pasted image 20240315164654.png

c. Instructions for initializing hard drives using NextNAS:

At the main interface of the NextNAS, access the Storage section in the navigation bar:

!Pasted image 20240411194046.png

At Storage, you can see many sub-sections:

  • Disks:

!Pasted image 20240315164916.png

QEMU is the system drive

You can check the information of each drive (capacity, drive name,...)

  • S.M.A.R.T:

    • In the S.M.A.R.T section, you will check whether the quality of the hard drive is still good or not, whether there are data errors or not.

    • Click on the Device subsection in the S.M.A.R.T section, you can see information such as:

!Pasted image 20240315165130.png

  • Status of hard drive:

-- If the display status is green => the hard drive's condition is still good

-- The display status is yellow => the hard drive is at risk of failure, you should replace it with another type of drive to avoid data loss.

  • In the Software RAID section, we can create a RAID partition:

!Pasted image 20240315165758.png

So what is RAID?

RAID is the abbreviation for Redundant Array of Independent Disks - A form of combining multiple physical hard drives into one system. Previously, RAID was used as a data backup solution, allowing data to be simultaneously written to multiple hard disks. Until now, besides the above Backup role, RAID has many variations that allow significantly increasing the ability to retrieve data from hard disks.

-- Create RAID:

o   At the interface, click on the “+” sign as shown:

!Pasted image 20240411194212.png

o   In the RAID creation section, you need to choose the RAID type, there are many types of RAID, in this article, we will use RAID 5 (need at least 3 hard drives with same capacity or more, 2 drives are combined together to get total capacity and 1 spare drive). In addition, you can learn more about other types of RAID at here .

!Pasted image 20240411194310.png

!Pasted image 20240411194351.png

Then, we will select the drive:

!Pasted image 20240315170144.png

o After that, click Save, the interface will display the Pending configuration changes section, select the ✓ sign to be successful.

!Pasted image 202403151702362.png

oAfter successful creation, there will be a message "Applied the configuration changes" and we can see the interface displaying information of the newly created RAID.

  • To Format a drive, go to File System, click on the "+" sign to create a new File System, you can see many formats:

!Pasted image 20240315170818.png

!Pasted image 20240411194447.png

· In this example, we will format it into BTRFS format.

· When you click on the format you want to format, you will see the following interface:

!Pasted image 20240315171002.png

· You need to select Profile, select Single if you need to create a single drive

· In the Device section, you need to select the drive to format into BTRFS format.

· After selecting, click Save to format the drive.

!Pasted image 20240315171141.png

Success, click Close to turn off the notification

· When formatting is complete, the system will automatically jump to Mount (attach the drive to the operating system)

!Pasted image 20240315171327.png

OR return to the File System section, click as shown:

!Pasted image 20240411194621.png

· In the Mount section:

  • In the File System section, select the drive you just formatted.

!Pasted image 20240315171637.png

  • In the Usage Warning Threshold section, you choose the warning level that the drive is almost full. You can set the default to 85% (when it reaches 85%, we will receive a warning that the drive is almost full).

!Pasted image 20240315171648.png

  • After selecting, press Save to save.

*So where is the drive we just created?

Back at Dashboard, you can see the NAS files section

!Pasted image 20240315171727.png

Click on the NAS Files icon, log in with your account and password

!Pasted image 20240503162606.png

After logging in, you will see the following interface

!Pasted image 20240315171924.png

o Go into System->srv, you can see the drive we just created

!Pasted image 20240315172134.png

- To select the partition as the default storage location, go back to ==NAS==, you need to click on the Services section: o Go into the Symlinks section

!Pasted image 20240411194747.png

!Pasted image 20240315172632.png

o You go to the editing section:

!Pasted image 20240315172813.png

Choose where you want to store it

Click Choose

o After selecting the default storage location, you must reboot by clicking the power button->Reboot->tick Confirm->Yes to receive the entire new configuration.

!Pasted image 20240411194913.png

  • Share SMB:
  • What is SMB sharing?
  • SMB (Server Message Block) is a network protocol used to share files and devices within a network. It is mainly used in Windows operating systems to allow different computers to access and share resources such as files, printers and folders. The SMB protocol plays an important role in connecting and sharing information between computers in the internal network, facilitating work and data transmission in a group work environment. You can learn more about the SMB protocol at [here](https://viettuans.vn/smb-la-gi#:~:text=SMB%20(Server%20Message%20Block)%20l%C3%A0 ,m%C3%A1y%20in%20v%C3%A0%20th%C6%B0%20m%E1%BB%A5c.)
  • Instructions for sharing SMB at NextNAS:
  • Step 1: Create users/groups:
  • Go to Users section in the navigation bar:

!Pasted image 20240411194829.png

  • Create group:
  • In the Users section, go to Groups:

!Pasted image 20240411194949.png

  • Click Create to create a group:

!Pasted image 20240411195029.png

  • Choose name:

!Pasted image 20240411195143.png

  • Save:

!Pasted image 20240411195205.png After successfully creating, you will see the group we just created in the interface in the Groups section:

  • Create user:
  • In the Users section, go to Users:

!Pasted image 20240411195255.png

  • Click Create to create a user:

!Pasted image 20240411195325.png !Pasted image 20240319100543.png

  • Fill in information:
  • Fill in user name.
  • Password.
  • Select group:

!Pasted image 20240319100925.png

  • Save and Apply.
  • After successful creation, you can see the user we just created:

!Pasted image 20240319101218.png

  • Step 2: Create folder to share: You return to Storage > Shared Folder:

!Pasted image 20240411195430.png

  • The interface that appears will be as follows:

!Pasted image 20240319093313.png

  • You need to enter the folder name:

!Pasted image 20240319093300.png

  • In the File System section, select the newly created partition:

!Pasted image 20240319093401.png

  • Next, select the path to the folder you want to share:

!Pasted image 20240319094036.png

  • Decentralization:

!Pasted image 20240319094249.png

Choose the permissions you want, here, we will give everyone the right to: View, edit and write in the directory:

!Pasted image 20240319094404.png

  • After selecting, press Save to save.
  • Similarly, select ✓ at Pending configuration changes: After successful creation, you will see the following interface:

!Pasted image 20240319094917.png

  • Step 3: At Services, go to the SMB/CIFS section, then go to the Shares section:

The interface that appears will be as follows:

!Pasted image 20240319092700.png

  • Step 4: Click on the Create icon:
  • Select the folder to share: You select the folder you just created.

!Pasted image 20240319101809.png Then scroll down and press Save and Apply: You can see the folder we just created for sharing:

!Pasted image 20240319102159.png

  • Step 5: Press the combination "Windows + R", then enter the path ==//10.0.0.4==:

!Pasted image 20240319102401.png

  • Log in to the user account you just created:

  • After that, the folder we shared will be shared with the user we just created:

!Pasted image 20240319102817.png

  • Step 6: To edit permissions:
  • We return to Storage > Shared Folder.
  • Click on the created folder to share then click on the Access Control List icon:

!Pasted image 20240319103647.png

  • Then, in the newly created group, select "Read/Write" to give writing and reading rights to the entire group:

!Pasted image 20240319104153.png In addition, there are other decentralization modes such as:

!Pasted image 20240319104234.png

  • Read/Write: Read/write permission.
  • Read-only: Read only.
  • No access: No access rights.
  • To edit permissions for all users, scroll down:

!Pasted image 20240319105210.png Here, you can choose to assign permissions to all users.

!Pasted image 20240319105245.png

  • To adjust permissions for users in the group, find that user's name and select their permissions:

!Pasted image 20240319104632.png In this example, if you choose Read-only for user1, user1 only has read rights.

  • Then we click on Replace (replace all existing permissions) and Recursive (allow that permission even in subfolders):

!Pasted image 20240319104839.png

  • Click Save and Apply.

  • Download video:

    • To Download videos from the Internet, in the Services section, select Downloader:

    !Pasted image 20240411195650.png !Pasted image 20240319110110.png

    • Click on Add Download:

    !Pasted image 20240411195733.png !Pasted image 20240319110210.png

    • At Download Type, select the download type you want:

    !Pasted image 20240411195815.png In this example, we will select youtube-dl to download videos from Youtube

    • Choose the name of the video:

    !Pasted image 20240411195905.png

    • Fill in the format you want to download: including many formats such as: mp3, mp4,...

    !Pasted image 20240411195953.png !Pasted image 20240411200023.png

    • Fill in the URL of the video on Youtube:

    !Pasted image 20240319110735.png

    • Select the folder where you want the video to be saved and shared:

    !Pasted image 20240319110807.png !Pasted image 20240319110821.png In this example, we will choose to save the video to the Media folder that was just shared.

    • Select here if you want to download the video's Subtitles:

    !Pasted image 20240411200110.png

    • When you finish selecting, press Add to add:

    !Pasted image 20240319111024.png

    • You will see information about the file about to be downloaded:

    !Pasted image 20240319111132.png

    • Click and select Start Download

    !Pasted image 20240319111200.png

    • So it was successful.

  • We open the combination "Windows + R" and enter the path \10.0.0.4 to go to the folder:

!Pasted image 20240319111522.png We will see the video we just downloaded:

!Pasted image 20240319111457.png