[IMP] Inventory valuation method (FGI review)

Spec:
- In accounting doc remove the last three topics and replace them by the memento. They all head to the old memento.

- add links to new memento in following page: https://www.odoo.com/documentation/user/9.0/inventory/routes/strategies/removal.html

- The following doc topic "What costing method should you use? (standard, average, fifo)" heads to the former memento https://www.odoo.com/documentation/functional/valuation.html#costingmethod
This memento does not answer this complex question at all actually. Please remove it.

- The introduction text should be before "Costing Method" title:
Every year your inventory valuation has to be recorded in your balance sheet. This implies two main choices:
the way you compute the cost of your stored items (Standard vs. Average vs. Real Price);
the way you record the inventory value into your books (Periodic vs. Perpetual).

- New definition for FIFO (right side):
For Real Price (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is further refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse location or product's internal category. The default strategy is FIFO. With such method, your inventory value is computed from the real cost of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative Valuation) and not from the cost price shown in the product form. Whenever you ship items, the cost price is reset to the cost of the last item(s) shipped. This cost price is used to value any product not received from a purchase order (e.g. inventory adjustments).
FIFO is advised if you manage all your workflow into Odoo (Sales, Purchases, Inventory). It suits any kind of users.

- Add definition for LIFO method:
For Real Price (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is further refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse location or product's internal category. The default strategy is FIFO. With such method, your inventory value is computed from the real cost of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative Valuation) and not from the cost price shown in the product form. Whenever you ship items, the cost price is reset to the cost of the last item(s) shipped. This cost price is used to value any product not received from a purchase order (e.g. inventory adjustments).
LIFO is not permitted outside the United States.

- New definition for Average Price:
The Average Price method recomputes the cost price as a receipt order has been processed, based on prices defined in tied purchase orders:
FORMULA (see here attached)
The average cost does not change when products leave the warehouse.
From an accounting point of view, this method is mainly justified in case of huge purchase price variations and is quite unusual due to its operational complexity. Your actually need a software like Odoo to easily keep this cost up-to-date.
This method is dedicated to advanced users. It requires well established business processes because the order in which you process receipt orders matters in the cost computation.

- In Continental memento: If the stock value decreased, he makes it upside down. -> If the stock value decreased, the "Inventory" account is credited and the "Inventory Variations" debited.

- Remove "[1] products leaving the stock have no impact on the average price." Now added to average price definition.

- At the botton, add links to following docs:
What is a removal strategy (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, Specific Indentification): https://www.odoo.com/documentation/user/9.0/inventory/routes/strategies/removal.html
Impact on the average price valuation when returning goods: https://www.odoo.com/documentation/user/9.0/accounting/others/inventory/avg_price_valuation.html
How to integrate landed costs in the cost of the product? https://www.odoo.com/documentation/user/9.0/inventory/routes/costing/landed_costs.html

accounting/others/inventory.rst

@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ Inventory
    :titlesonly:
 
    inventory/avg_price_valuation
-   What is the impact of standard price, average price, FIFO and LIFO? <https://www.odoo.com/documentation/functional/valuation.html#costingmethod>
+   ../../../inventory/management/reporting/valuation_methods_continental
-   How is periodic inventory valuation working? <https://www.odoo.com/documentation/functional/valuation.html#periodicinventoryvaluation>
+   ../../../inventory/management/reporting/valuation_methods_anglo_saxon
-   What is the impact of perpetual inventory valuation? <https://www.odoo.com/documentation/functional/valuation.html#perpetualinventoryvaluation>
+

inventory/management/reporting/valuation_methods_anglo_saxon.rst

@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 How to do an inventory valuation? (Anglo-Saxon Accounting)
 ==========================================================
 
-Costing Method
-==============
-
 Every year your inventory valuation has to be recorded in your 
 balance sheet. This implies two main choices:
 
@@ -16,6 +13,8 @@ balance sheet. This implies two main choices:
 - the way you record the inventory value into your books 
   (periodic vs. Perpetual).
 
+Costing Method
+==============
 .. rst-class:: alternatives doc-aside
 
 Standard Price 
@@ -91,7 +90,7 @@ Average Price
        - 12
        - +4*€16
        - €144
-     * - Deliver 10 Products [#average-removal]_
+     * - Deliver 10 Products
        - €12
        - 2
        - | -10*€12
@@ -103,18 +102,20 @@ Average Price
        - +2*€6
        - €36
 
-  The **Average Price** method recomputes the cost price as a 
+  The **Average Price** method recomputes the cost price as a receipt order 
-  receipt order has been processed, based on prices defined in 
+  has been processed, based on prices defined in tied purchase orders:
-  tied purchase orders. This method is mainly justified in case 
+  FORMULA (see here attached)
-  of huge purchase price variations and is quite unusual due to 
-  its operational complexity. Your actually need a software like 
-  Odoo to keep this cost up-to-date.
 
-  This method is dedicated to advanced users. It requires well 
+  The average cost does not change when products leave the warehouse.
-  established business processes because the order in which you 
+
-  process receipt orders matters in the cost computation. Moreover 
+  From an accounting point of view, this method is mainly justified in 
-  if you mistakenly process such an order, there is no way to 
+  case of huge purchase price variations and is quite unusual due to its 
-  reset the cost price at its initial value.
+  operational complexity. Your actually need a software like Odoo to 
+  easily keep this cost up-to-date.
+
+  This method is dedicated to advanced users. It requires well established 
+  business processes because the order in which you process receipt orders 
+  matters in the cost computation.
 
 FIFO
   .. rst-class:: values-table
@@ -156,19 +157,18 @@ FIFO
        - +2*€6
        - €44
 
-  For **Real Price** (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is
+  For **Real Price** (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is further 
-  further refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse 
+  refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse location 
-  location or product's internal category. The default strategy
+  or product's internal category. The default strategy is FIFO. With 
-  is FIFO. With such method, your inventory value is computed 
+  such method, your inventory value is computed from the real cost 
-  from the real cost of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative 
+  of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative Valuation) and not from 
-  Valuation) and not from the cost price shown in the product 
+  the cost price shown in the product form. Whenever you ship items, 
-  form. Whenever you ship items, the cost price is reset to the 
+  the cost price is reset to the cost of the last item(s) shipped. 
-  cost of the last item(s) shipped. This cost price is used to 
+  This cost price is used to value any product not received from a 
-  value any product not received from a purchase order (e.g. 
+  purchase order (e.g. inventory adjustments).
-  inventory adjustments).
 
-  Such a method is advised if you manage all your workflow into 
+  FIFO is advised if you manage all your workflow into Odoo (Sales, 
-  Odoo (Sales, Purchases, Inventory). It suits any kind of users.
+  Purchases, Inventory). It suits any kind of users.
 
 LIFO (not accepted in IFRS)
   .. rst-class:: values-table
@@ -210,6 +210,18 @@ LIFO (not accepted in IFRS)
        - +2*€6
        - €32
 
+  For **Real Price** (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is further 
+  refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse location 
+  or product's internal category. The default strategy is FIFO. 
+  With such method, your inventory value is computed from the 
+  real cost of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative Valuation) 
+  and not from the cost price shown in the product form. Whenever 
+  you ship items, the cost price is reset to the cost of the last 
+  item(s) shipped. This cost price is used to value any product 
+  not received from a purchase order (e.g. inventory adjustments).
+
+  LIFO is not permitted outside the United States.
+
 Odoo allows any method. The default one is **Standard Price**. 
 To change it, check **Use a 'Fixed', 'Real' or 'Average' price 
 costing method** in Purchase settings. Then set the costing 
@@ -319,8 +331,6 @@ Let's take the case of a reseller.
 
    .. placeholder
 
-.. [#average-removal] products leaving the stock have no impact on the average price.
-
 .. raw:: html
 
    <hr style="float: none; visibility: hidden; margin: 0;">
@@ -349,3 +359,8 @@ Let's take the case of a reseller.
    - Price Difference: to set in product's internal category or in product 
      form as a specific replacement value
 
+.. seealso::
+
+  * :doc:`../../routes/strategies/removal`
+  * :doc:`../../../accounting/others/inventory/avg_price_valuation`
+  * :doc:`../../routes/costing/landed_costs`

inventory/management/reporting/valuation_methods_continental.rst

@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 How to do an inventory valuation? (Continental Accounting)
 ==========================================================
 
-Costing Method
-==============
-
 Every year your inventory valuation has to be recorded in your 
 balance sheet. This implies two main choices:
 
@@ -16,6 +13,9 @@ balance sheet. This implies two main choices:
 - the way you record the inventory value into your books 
   (periodic vs. Perpetual).
 
+Costing Method
+==============
+
 .. rst-class:: alternatives doc-aside
 
 Standard Price 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Average Price
        - 12
        - +4*€16
        - €144
-     * - Deliver 10 Products [#average-removal]_
+     * - Deliver 10 Products
        - €12
        - 2
        - | -10*€12
@@ -103,18 +103,20 @@ Average Price
        - +2*€6
        - €36
 
-  The **Average Price** method recomputes the cost price as a 
+  The **Average Price** method recomputes the cost price as a receipt order 
-  receipt order has been processed, based on prices defined in 
+  has been processed, based on prices defined in tied purchase orders:
-  tied purchase orders. This method is mainly justified in case 
+  FORMULA (see here attached)
-  of huge purchase price variations and is quite unusual due to 
-  its operational complexity. Your actually need a software like 
-  Odoo to keep this cost up-to-date.
 
-  This method is dedicated to advanced users. It requires well 
+  The average cost does not change when products leave the warehouse.
-  established business processes because the order in which you 
+
-  process receipt orders matters in the cost computation. Moreover 
+  From an accounting point of view, this method is mainly justified in 
-  if you mistakenly process such an order, there is no way to 
+  case of huge purchase price variations and is quite unusual due to its 
-  reset the cost price at its initial value.
+  operational complexity. Your actually need a software like Odoo to 
+  easily keep this cost up-to-date.
+
+  This method is dedicated to advanced users. It requires well established 
+  business processes because the order in which you process receipt orders 
+  matters in the cost computation.
 
 FIFO
   .. rst-class:: values-table
@@ -156,19 +158,18 @@ FIFO
        - +2*€6
        - €44
 
-  For **Real Price** (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is
+  For **Real Price** (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is further 
-  further refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse 
+  refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse location 
-  location or product's internal category. The default strategy
+  or product's internal category. The default strategy is FIFO. With 
-  is FIFO. With such method, your inventory value is computed 
+  such method, your inventory value is computed from the real cost 
-  from the real cost of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative 
+  of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative Valuation) and not from 
-  Valuation) and not from the cost price shown in the product 
+  the cost price shown in the product form. Whenever you ship items, 
-  form. Whenever you ship items, the cost price is reset to the 
+  the cost price is reset to the cost of the last item(s) shipped. 
-  cost of the last item(s) shipped. This cost price is used to 
+  This cost price is used to value any product not received from a 
-  value any product not received from a purchase order (e.g. 
+  purchase order (e.g. inventory adjustments).
-  inventory adjustments).
 
-  Such a method is advised if you manage all your workflow into 
+  FIFO is advised if you manage all your workflow into Odoo (Sales, 
-  Odoo (Sales, Purchases, Inventory). It suits any kind of users.
+  Purchases, Inventory). It suits any kind of users.
 
 LIFO (not accepted in IFRS)
   .. rst-class:: values-table
@@ -210,6 +211,18 @@ LIFO (not accepted in IFRS)
        - +2*€6
        - €32
 
+  For **Real Price** (FIFO, LIFO, FEFO, etc), the costing is further 
+  refined by the removal strategy set on the warehouse location 
+  or product's internal category. The default strategy is FIFO. 
+  With such method, your inventory value is computed from the 
+  real cost of your stored products (cfr. Quantitative Valuation) 
+  and not from the cost price shown in the product form. Whenever 
+  you ship items, the cost price is reset to the cost of the last 
+  item(s) shipped. This cost price is used to value any product 
+  not received from a purchase order (e.g. inventory adjustments).
+
+  LIFO is not permitted outside the United States.
+
 Odoo allows any method. The default one is **Standard Price**. 
 To change it, check **Use a 'Fixed', 'Real' or 'Average' price 
 costing method** in Purchase settings. Then set the costing 
@@ -295,7 +308,8 @@ Profit&Loss section to your assets.
   Expenses: Inventory Variations                   X            
   ===================================== ===== ======
 
-  If the stock value decreased, he makes it upside down.
+  If the stock value decreased, the **Inventory** account is credited
+  and te **Inventory Variations** debited.
    
 .. raw:: html
 
@@ -317,8 +331,6 @@ Let's take the case of a reseller.
 
    .. placeholder
 
-.. [#average-removal] products leaving the stock have no impact on the average price.
-
 .. raw:: html
 
    <hr style="float: none; visibility: hidden; margin: 0;">
@@ -338,3 +350,9 @@ Let's take the case of a reseller.
      category
      
    - Inventory: to set as Stock Valuation Account in product's internal category
+
+.. seealso::
+
+  * :doc:`../../routes/strategies/removal`
+  * :doc:`../../../accounting/others/inventory/avg_price_valuation`
+  * :doc:`../../routes/costing/landed_costs`

inventory/routes/costing.rst

@@ -5,5 +5,4 @@ Product Costing
 .. toctree::
    :titlesonly:
 
-   What costing method should you use? (standard, average, fifo) <https://www.odoo.com/documentation/functional/valuation.html#costingmethod>
    costing/landed_costs

inventory/routes/costing/fifo_lifo.rst

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-==========================================================
-How to setup a perpetual FIFO or LIFO inventory valuation?
-==========================================================

inventory/routes/strategies/removal.rst

@@ -161,3 +161,8 @@ removal dates.
 
 .. image:: media/removal11.png
     :align: center
+
+.. seealso::
+
+    * :doc:`../../management/reporting/valuation_methods_continental`
+    * :doc:`../../management/reporting/valuation_methods_anglo_saxon`